氮肥施用期对小麦产量形成与籽粒品质的影响

当施氮量已定时,增加小麦生育前期施氮比例,可增加冬前分藥和有效穗,每穗粒数虽略有减少,但总粒数增加,因而产量较高。后期施氮比例增加。每小穗粒数和每穗粒数均有所增加,但因有效穗减少而不增加产量,籽粒蛋白质含量和蛋白质产量也较低。拔节孕穗肥施氮比例增加,增产效果最好。孕穗期植株含氮量较高,氮/糖比较大时,产量较高,在施用有机氮底肥的情况下,苗期施氨较作底肥增产。

EFFECTS OF THE TIME OF NITROGEN APPLICATION ON THE YIELD FORMATION AND GRAIN QUALITY OF WHEAT

When the amount of nitrogen fertilizer was determined, early app-lication with a high proportion could increase the tillers of pre-winter and theproductive spikes. Though the grains per spike was decreased a little, the totalgrains and yield were increased. When applied more N at late stages, the grainsper spikelet and per spike were increased, but because the spikes decreased, theyield, protein yield and grain protein content were lower. The N at jointing-booting stage increased yield evidently. When the N content of plant at bootingstage was higher and the N/sugar was bigger, the yield was higher. When thebasic manure was applied with organic N fertilizer, the yield was higher the Napplied at seedling stage than before sowing.