木质纤维降解复合菌剂促进堆肥腐熟研究

利用工厂化高温好氧堆肥方式,探究了具有高效降解木质纤维能力的微生物复合菌剂分别对纯秸秆和秸秆畜禽粪污混合物堆肥效率的影响。以纯秸秆和猪粪秸秆混合物为原料,设置空白对照、单菌处理和复合菌处理,评估堆肥过程中不同堆体温度、含水量、pH、有机质含量、发芽指数和养分等理化指标的变化对堆体腐熟效率的影响。结果表明,无论何种堆肥原料,相比空白和单菌处理,复合菌处理堆体均升温速率最快,高温期温度最高,后熟期降温最快。堆肥过程中,各处理p H无显著差异,变化趋势基本一致;各处理发芽指数(GI)不断提高,纯秸秆和秸秆粪污混合物为原料的接复合菌处理均在第25天高于接单菌处理,至堆肥结束时,接复合菌处理的发芽指数分别为93.45%和98.67%;随堆肥的进行,各处理有机质含量均处于下降趋势,至堆肥结束时,所有处理的有机质含量均高于450 g/kg;各处理的全氮、全磷、全钾含量在堆肥结束时比堆肥初始均有所增加,至堆肥结束时,以纯秸秆和秸秆粪污混合物为原料的接复合菌处理的总氮和总磷含量均显著高于其他处理。综上,相比于不添加外源菌和添加单一菌株,高效木质纤维降解复合菌剂的添加,能够有效促进堆肥的腐熟,提高堆肥效率。

Using Wood Fiber Degrading Compound Microbial Agents to Promote Maturity of Composting

High-temperature aerobic composting method in the factory was used to evaluate the composting efficiency driven by the wood fiber degrading compound microbial agents with pure straws and the mixture of straws and livestock manure as raw materials, and three treatments were designed, which included blank inoculated with none microbe, single strain treatment inoculated with one bacterial strain, and compound microbial agent treatment inoculated with the mixture of three microbes, to investigate the variation of temperature, water content, pH, organic matter content, germination index and nutrients, and so on during composting. Results showed that no matter what kind of composting materials, compared with blank and single strain treatment, the compound microbial agent treatment showed the fastest heating rate, the highest temperature in the high temperature period, and the fastest temperature decrease in the post-ripening period. During the composting, none significant difference of the variation of pH was observed and all the treatments showed similar trends. Germination indexes in all the treatments increased during composting, respectively, and the compound microbial agent treatment revealed higher value than the other two treatments after 25 days fermentation with value of 93.45% and 98.67%, respectively at the end of composting in the piles of pure straws and the mixture of straws and livestock manure. During the composting, the contents of organic matter showed decreasing trends in all the treatments and at the end of composting, higher than 450 g/kg for all treatments. The total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents were higher in all treatments at the end of composting than at beginning, and after composting, regardless of the raw materials, the total nitrogen and phosphorus contents were significantly higher than other treatments. To sum up, compared with none inoculation and adding single strain, amendment of high-efficiency lignocellulosic decomposing compound microbial agents effectively promoted composting efficiency.