不同饲粮粗蛋白质水平下蝇蛆蛋白替代豆粕对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋清品质及血清蛋白质代谢指标的影响

本试验旨在研究不同饲粮粗蛋白质水平下蝇蛆蛋白替代豆粕对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋清品质及血清蛋白质代谢指标的影响。采用单因素试验设计,选取252只产蛋率、体重相近的健康33周龄罗曼白蛋鸡,随机分为3组,每组7个重复,每个重复12只鸡。各组分别饲喂标准回肠可消化氨基酸(SIDAA)平衡模式下配制的不同粗蛋白质水平(16.50%、14.85%、13.20%)的玉米-豆粕-蝇蛆蛋白饲粮,各组蝇蛆蛋白与豆粕提供等量的粗蛋白质。预试期2周,正试期12周。结果表明:1)与16.50%组相比,14.85%组的产蛋率、平均蛋重、产蛋量、平均日采食量和料蛋比均无显著差异(P>0.05);13.20%组的料蛋比显著增加(P<0.05),产蛋率、产蛋量、平均蛋重和平均日采食量均显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与16.50%组相比,14.85%组的平均蛋重、蛋清重、浓蛋白重、蛋白高度、哈氏单位和蛋清比例均无显著差异(P>0.05);13.20%组的平均蛋重、蛋清重、浓蛋白重和蛋白高度显著降低(P<0.05),而蛋清比例、哈氏单位无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)各组血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性及总蛋白、白蛋白、尿酸含量无显著差异(P>0.05),且输卵管膨大部组织学形态正常。由此可见,在本试验条件下,使用蝇蛆蛋白替代豆粕并使饲粮粗蛋白质水平降低至14.85%时未对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋清品质产生不良影响,但饲粮粗蛋白质水平降低至13.20%时则会产生不利影响。

Effects of Soybean Meal Replaced by Fly Maggot Protein in Different Dietary Crude Protein Levels on Performance,Albumen Quality and Serum Proteometabolism Indexes of Laying Hens

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of soybean meal replaced by fly maggot protein in different dietary crude protein levels on performance,albumen quality and serum proteometabolism indexes of laying hens.A single factor test design was adopted,two hundred and fifty-two healthy Roman white laying hens at 33 weeks of age with similar egg production and body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 7 replicates per group and 12 laying hens per replicate.Hens in the 3 groups were fed different crude protein levels(16.50%,14.85%and 13.20%)corn-soybean-fly maggot protein diets which formulated by standard ileum digestible anima acid(SIDAA)balance model,the fly maggot protein and soybean meal provided the same amount of crude protein in each group.The pre-experimental period lasted for 2 weeks,and the experimental period lasted for 12 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the 16.50%group,the egg production,average egg weight,egg mass,average daily feed intake and feed/egg of 14.85%group were no significant difference(P>0.05);the feed/egg of 13.20%group was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the egg production,average egg weight,egg mass and average daily feed intake were significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the 16.50%group,the average egg weigh,albumen weigh,thick albumen weigh,albumen height,Haugh unit and albumen proportion of 14.85%group were no significant difference(P>0.05);the average egg weigh,albumen weigh,thick albumen weigh and albumen height of 13.20%group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the Haugh unit and albumen proportion were no significant difference(P>0.05).3)There were no significant differences in glutamic oxaloacetylase,glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities and total protein,albumin,uric acid contents in serum among all groups(P>0.05),and the histological morphology in magnum tubae uterinae was normal.It is concluded that under this experiment condition,using fly maggot protein replace soybean meal and dietary crude protein decrease to 14.85%has no adverse effects on performance and albumen quality of laying hens,but dietary crude protein decreased to 13.20%has adverse effects.