仙客来野生种在石家庄地区的引种栽培试验

我国没有天然分布的野生仙客来（Cyclamen）资源,为了繁荣我国花卉产业和增加仙客来种质资源,2009年河北省林业科学研究院从国际仙客来协会荷兰分会引进了16个仙客来野生种,包括42个不同的类型,并在石家庄地区进行了引种栽培试验。结果表明：地中海仙客来（C.hederifolium）及非洲仙客来（C.africanum）2个种可在石家庄地区正常生长,且地中海仙客来1 a生苗可开花结实;不同类型及不同个体的地中海仙客来在生长、休眠和叶纹等性状上存在较大差异,可通过筛选来培育出夏季不休眠的观叶品种。小花仙客来（C.coum）、木拉贝拉仙客来（C.mirabile）、普斯迪贝拉仙客来（C.pseudihericum）、塞浦路斯仙客来（C.cyprium）、希腊仙客来（C.graecum）、黎巴嫩仙客来（C.libanoticum）、茵特玫纳仙客来（C.intamina-tum）、西西里仙客来（C.cilicium）、克里特仙客来（C.creticun）和巴利阿里仙客来（C.balearicum）10个种虽然能正常发芽,但生长缓慢,不能形成成品植株,栽培技术需进一步探索。欧洲仙客来（C.purpurascens）、波叶仙客来（C.repandum）、罗尔夫斯仙客来（C.rohlfsianum）和特洛霍普仙客来（C.trochopteranthum）4个种的种子需经过特殊的低温处理才能发芽。

Introduction and Cultivation of Wild Cyclamen in Shijiazhuang

There is no natural distribution of wind Cyclamen in China.In order to promote the floriculture industry in China and increase the genetic resources of Cyclamen,16 species of wind Cyclamen including 42 different types were introduced from Holland Branch of International Cyclamen Association by Hebei Academy of Forestry Sciences in 2009,and the cultivation test was carried out in Shijiazhuang.The results showed that C.hederifolium and C.africanum could normally grow up,and C.hederifolium could also normally bloom and bear.The different types or individuals of C.hederifolium had obviously differences in growth,dormancy and leaf pattern.The fine varieties without dormant and with beautiful leaf pattern might be got by means of selection.10 species including C.coum,C.mirabile,C.pseudihericum,C.cyprium,C.graecum,C.libanoticum,C.intaminatum,C.cilicium,C.creticun and C.balearicum could normally germinate,but they grew slowly,and the plants couldn＇t be formed finally.Therefore,the cultivation technique of these species should be researched in the future.The seeds of 4 species including C.purpurascens,C.repandum,C.rohlfsianum and C.trochopteranthum could germinate only through the special low-temperature period.