重庆市不同尺度土地城镇化格局特征及其成因

采用重庆市2009年、2014年土地利用数据,以功能区、区(县)、乡(镇)3级行政区为研究单元,从土地城镇化水平及变异指数、全局空间自相关、局部空间自相关、方差分解等方面分析了3级尺度土地城镇化水平的格局特征.结果表明:土地城镇化格局特征具有明显的尺度依赖性,表现为大尺度空间格局稳定性强、变化幅度小、变化类型少,小尺度空间格局变化显著、变化幅度大、变化类型多的特点;尺度较小的行政单元土地城镇化格局受到上级行政单元土地城镇化总体格局的限制,并表现出局部的点状、带状分布特点;区(县)级尺度对土地城镇化水平的不均衡度贡献份额最大,功能区级尺度次之,乡(镇)级尺度最小;不同尺度,土地城镇化格局成因差异有统计学意义,区(县)土地城镇化格局受经济发展、产业集聚、人口集聚等多因素综合影响,乡(镇)土地城镇化格局受地形条件、区位条件等自然条件的影响更大.

Spatial Characteristics and Scale Effects of Land Urbanization in Chongqing

Based on the data of urban construction land and rural residential land of Chongqing in 2009 and 2014,this paper uses land urbanization level and variation index, global spatial autocorrelation, local spatial autocorrelation and variance decomposition analysis to study the spatial characteristics of the administrative units of functional area, district (county) and township (town). The results show that the spatial characteristics of the land urbanization pattern are distinctly dependent on scale. The larger-scale spatial pattern has stronger stability, smaller amplitude of variation and fewer types of changes. The smaller-scale spatial pattern has weaker stability, larger amplitude of variation and more types of changes. The urbanization level of district (county) makes the largest contribution to the degree of imbalance, followed by functional region and township (town). Different scale units have significant differences in the causes of their land urbanization patterns. Land urbanization pattern of district (county) is influenced by economic development, industrial agglomeration, population concentration and other factors. The terrain conditions, geographical conditions and other natural conditions have greater influence on land urbanization pattern of township (town).