万寿菊种子带菌检测及种子消毒处理研究

采用PDA平板分离培养检验法对5个品种的万寿菊种子表面进行带菌检测,并测定5种杀菌剂和2种温汤浸种方法对种子的消毒处理效果.结果表明,万寿菊种子表面带菌率在6.0%~85.0%之间,携带真菌的优势菌群主要是链格孢属真菌(Alternariaspp.),其分离频率最高达60.16%;其次为镰刀菌属(Fusariumspp.),分离频率为20.76%;青霉属(Penicilliumspp.)分离频率为8.76%,黑根霉属(Rhizopusspp.)分离频率为3.08%、曲霉属(Aspergillusspp.)分离频率为2.08%,毛霉属(Mucorspp.)分离频率为1.40%,同时还分离到细菌,分离频率为6.92%,同一品种各菌群分离频率差异显著;用0.1%AgNO3和55℃温汤浸种可以杀死种子表面所有真菌,50℃温汤浸种和50%扑海因WP750倍液的消毒效果也明显高于其它处理,是较理想的种子消毒方法.

Testing of seed borne fungi and seed disinfection of Tagetes erecta

A test of seed borne fungi on 5 cultivars of Tagetes erecta were carried out by the method of petri-dish testing,and the disinfection effects of 5 fungicides and two hot water dips were determined.The results showed that the seed borne fungi rate of Tagetes erecta ranged from 6.0 % to 85.0 %.The dominant microflora of the seed borne fungi was Alternaria spp.,and its isolation frequency was 60.16 %,then the Fusarium spp.,its isolation frequency was 20.76 %,and the isolation frequency of other fungi such as Penicillium spp.,Rhizopus spp.,Aspergillus spp.and Mucor spp.were as 8.76 %,3.08 %,2.08 % and 1.4 % respectively.Both treatments with 0.1 % AgNO 3 and 55℃ hot water dip could kill all kinds of fungi on seed surface completely.The disinfection effects of 50 ℃ hot water dip and 50 % iprodione WP(750) were obviously better than other ways,and could be used as ideal disinfection method.