四川小麦地方品种农艺性状与品质性状的相关分析

以67份四川小麦地方品种为供试材料,考察6个农艺性状和测定19个品质指标,进行了相关分析和聚类分析,旨在为高产优质品质选育筛选农艺和品质性状指标。结果表明,有效穗数与蛋白质含量、干湿面筋含量、沉降值呈(极)显著正相关;千粒重与蛋白质含量、干湿面筋含量、沉降值和稳定时间呈(极)显著负相关,与粗淀粉、支链淀粉呈(极)显著正相关;穗粒数仅与极少数品质性状相关显著。因此,在育种中宜以有效穗数、蛋白质含量和沉降值作选择指标。聚类分析表明,在农艺性状与蛋白质、淀粉和其他品质水平上,67个品种被聚为4类,其中第Ⅳ类10个品种相对较好,属植株较高,有效穗数最多,蛋白质品质最好,低千粒重、低淀粉类。在农艺性状与面团品质水平上,被聚为4类,其中第Ⅲ类12个品种较好,属高有效穗数和单株产量、较高面团稳定时间和粉质质量指数的一类。

Correlation of Agronomic to Quality Characters in Sichuan Landrace of Common Wheat

The 6 agronomic characters and 19 quality indexes of 67 wheat landraces in Sichuan were detected in order to select indexes of agronomic and quality characters for breeding of high yield and good quality.The correlation analysis indicates spike number per plant are significantly positively correlated with protein content,dry and wet gluten content,and sedimentation value.The 1000-grain weight is in significantly negative correlation with protein content,dry and wet gluten content,sedimentation values and stability time.Whereas it is significantly positively correlated with crude starch,and amylopectin content.Grains per spike and a few of quality indexes are significant.Therefore,on breeding it is appropriate to select spike number per plant,protein content and sedimentation value as the key indexes.On level of agronomic characters and protein,starch and other quality indexes,the 67 Sichuan wheat landraces were clustered into four groups,among which the group Ⅳ including 10 landraces were better.Their plant height is higher,spike number per plant is the highest,protein quality was the best,1000-grain weight and starch content are lower.Based on the agronomic and dough quality,the 67 Sichuan wheat landraces are also clustered into four groups,among which 12 landraces in the group Ⅲ are the better,because their spike number per plant and grain weight per plant are the highest,stability time and farinogram quality number are higher.