干制加工型白萝卜雄性不育系及组合农艺性状分析

为筛选出高产、优质的干制加工型白萝卜优良不育系及组合,本研究运用顶交法对前期转育获得的10个不育系和1个优良自交系进行杂交组配,对10个测配组合的株高、株幅、叶长、叶宽、根长、根粗、单根重、糠心8个农艺性状进行一般配合力、相关性分析、通径分析及主成分分析。结果表明,‘237A’、‘237B’、‘231A’不育系的根长和单根重性状表现优异,具有配制优良干制加工型萝卜新品种的应用潜力;株高、根长、单根重与糠心呈正相关,肉质根根长与单根重的直接通径系数为P=1.029,株高对单根重呈负效应,直接通径系数P=-0.1937。但株高通过根长、叶长、株幅的间接作用达到了较大的正向效应(0.9959)。综上,结合主成分分析结果,最终确定‘231A’ב青首’、‘237B’ב青首’、‘19072’ב青首’为加工型白萝卜优质组合,可用于生产试验。同时建议在育种工作中把根长、株高、叶长、株幅和糠心作为加工型白萝卜高产优质的主要农艺性状来进行考量。

Agronomic Traits of Male Sterile Lines and Cross Combinations of Dried Processing Type Radish

The paper aims to screen high yield and quality sterile lines and combinations of dried processing white radish. In the study, the top crossing method was used to hybridize 10 sterile lines and an elite inbred line. General combining ability analysis, correlation analysis, path analysis and principal component analysis were carried out on 8 agronomic traits of 10 test combinations, including plant height, plant width, leaf length, leaf width, root length, root thickness, single root weight and hollowness. The results showed that the traits of root length and single root weight of ‘237A’, ‘237B’ and ‘231A’ sterile lines were excellent, which had the application potential of preparing dry processed radish. Plant height, root length and single root weight were positively correlated with hollowness, and the direct diameter coefficient of root length and single root weight was 1.029, and the plant height had a negative effect on single root weight, and the direct diameter coefficient P=-0.1937. However, the plant height achieved a significant positive effect through the indirect effects of root length, leaf length and plant width (0.9959). In summary, combined with the results of principal component analysis, ‘231A’בQingshou’, ‘237B’בQingshou’ and ‘19072’בQingshou’ are determined to be high quality combination of processing type white radish, which could be used for production test. At the same time, it is suggested that the root length, plant height, leaf length, plant width and bran core should be considered as the main agronomic characters for breeding high yield and high quality of processed radish.