浙江省苍南县农作物种质资源调查与分析

为更好地挖掘、保护和开发利用苍南县重要农作物种质资源,2017年8月—2018年12月对浙江省苍南县7个镇17个行政村的农作物种质资源现状及利用情况进行系统调查,对种质资源进行收集,并对收集到的资源的种类、分布情况、植物学分类和部分特色资源进行整理和分析。结果表明,苍南县共收集到85份农作物种质资源,包括粮食作物41份、蔬菜26份、经济作物7份、果树11份,隶属于21科36属39种;按种质类型包括地方品种资源76份、野生资源9份。根据苍南县农作物种质资源现状,对苍南县地方品种和野生资源保护和开发利用进行讨论,建议通过建立资源圃和本地商业化开发利用等方式对地方品种进行原地保存,对部分地方品种或野生资源在资源采集地或原生境进行原位保护鉴定,确保本地优良种质资源的安全保存,实现种质资源可持续利用。研究结果可为苍南县农作物种质资源多样性研究、种质创新和开发利用提供参考。

Investigation and Analysis of Crop Germplasm Resources in Cangnan of Zhejiang

A systematic and comprehensive investigation for better conservation, evaluation and utilization of crop germplasm resources in Cangnan was conducted from August 2017 to December 2018. The species, distribution, botanical and agricultural traits of germplasm resources were preliminary identified and analyzed. A total of 85 unique germplasms of 39 species from 36 genera in 21 families were collected, consisting of 41 food crops, 26 vegetables, 7 economic plants, and 11 fruits. Of these, 76 and 9 were landraces and wild germplasms, respectively. The conservation and exploitation of local germplasms were subsequently discussed based on current status. The establishment of local germplasm repositories and the commercial utilization were suggested for the preservation of landraces. Meanwhile, for important landraces and wild germplasm, in situ conservation and characterization should be made to maintain the excellent genetic resources for sustainable utilization. The results could provide a basic understanding of germplasm resources in Cangnan, and a basis for further research on germplasm diversity, innovation and application.