塔里木河流域环境问题及其治理途径的探讨

随着人类活动的加剧,塔里木河流域人工绿洲的面积不断扩大,天然绿洲相应减少,水资源问题突出。与此同时,沿岸湿地萎缩退化,天然林草植被减少,绿洲外围的荒漠地带不断在扩展,土地沙化严重,下游绿色走廊垂危。为维护塔河流域的持续发展,必须挖掘上游节水潜力,合理利用水资源,充分认识沿岸绿洲和湿地的耦合关系,尊重自然规律,合理应用现代科学技术,坚持“调整控制上游,保护培育中游,恢复重建下游”的原则促进塔河流域的持续发展。

Analysis of Some Environmental Problems of Tarim River Basin and Its Harness Way

With the excessive exploitation by human beings, many natural oases are changed to artificial oases in Tarim river basin, So their areas became smaller and smaller. The serious environmental problems are : water resources shortage, wetland degeneration along the bank, natural vegetation decreasing, large areas of land deterioration, etc. The green corridor of the lower reaches of the Tarim River is in danger. In order to maintain the sustainable development of the Tarim River basin, it was suggested that we should adjust and control upper reaches, protect and cultivate middle reaches, resume and rescue lower reaches by using the water recources in reason, learning the relationship between oases and wetland wholly, regarding the order of the natural, applying the modern technology reasonablely.