超迟播稻茬小麦播种量·施氮量和氮肥运筹方式

目的]研究超迟播稻茬小麦适宜的播种量、施氮量、氮肥运筹方式。方法]研究不同处理的基本苗及产量构成,比较了不同氮肥运筹方式下的成穗数、每穗实粒数、千粒重、产量。结果]不同的播种量、施氮量、氮肥运筹方式对成穗数、每穗实粒数、千粒重、产量有极显著影响。播种量每增加15 kg/hm~2,成穗数增加10.65万穗/hm~2、千粒重减少0.22 g、产量增加150.45 kg/hm~2;施氮量每增加15 kg/hm~2N,实粒数增加1.07个、产量增加450.75 kg/hm~2。氮肥运筹方式的影响随播种量、施氮量的变化而变化。产量最高的氮肥运筹方式是播种量480 kg/hm~2时"轻施返青肥,重施基肥和拔节肥"方式、施氮量240 kg/hm~2N时"氮肥后移、返青肥和孕穗肥等量"方式。结论]该研究为超迟播稻茬小麦的推广提供了理论基础。

Seeding Quantity,N Fertilizer Application Amount and Regime of Super Late Sowing Wheat Following Rice

Objective] To research the proper seeding quantity,N fertilizer application amount and regime of super late sowing wheat following rice.Method] We researched the basic seedlings and yield components of different treatments,compared the ear number,grain number per panicle,1 000-grain weight and yield under different N fertilizer application regimes.Result] Seeding quantity,N fertilizer application amount and regime showed extremely significant impacts on ear number,grain number per panicle,1 000-grain weight and yield.Every increase of 15 kg/hm2 seeding quantity could enhance 106.5 thousand ears/hm2,reduce 0.22 g 1 000-grain weight and increase 150.45 kg/hm2 yield.Every increase of 15 kg/hm2 N fertilizer application could enhance 1.07 grains and 450.75 kg/hm2 yield.The effects of N fertilizer application regime changed with different seeding quantity and N fertilizer application amount.The highest yield of N fertilizer application regime was that "light turn-green-fertilizer,heavy base-fertilizer and jointing-fertilizer" when seeding quantity was 480 kg/hm2,and " N-fertilizer top-dressing time deferring,turn-green-fertilizer being the same amount as booting fertilizer" when N fertilizer application amount was 240 kg/hm2.Conclusion] This research provides theoretical basis for the extension of super late sowing wheat following rice.