Efficient reduction of biomass,seed and season long pollen production of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1022 Budapest, Herman Ottó u. 15., Hungary;2. Corvinus University of Budapest, Dpt. of Biometrics and Agricultural −Informatics H-1118 Budapest, Villányi út 29., Hungary;3. Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Hacquetova ulica 17., Slovenia;1. Physical Geography/Landscape Ecology and Sustainable Ecosystem Development, Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, 85072 Eichstätt, Germany;2. University of Texas at Austin, Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, Ecosystem Design Group, Austin, TX 78739, USA;3. Technische Universität München, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Ecoclimatology, 85354 Freising, Germany;4. Technische Universität München, Institute for Advanced Study, 85748 Garching, Germany;1. Environmental Sciences, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Ave NW, Washington D.C. 20016, USA;2. Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Joh.-von-Müller-Weg 6, 55099 Mainz, Germany;1. Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790 Helsinki, Finland;2. Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 58450 Punkaharju, Finland;3. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland;1. Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Center, Munich, Germany;2. Foundation German Pollen Information Service (PID), Berlin, Germany;3. Technische Universität München, Ecoclimatology, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Freising, Germany;4. Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine, UNIKA-T, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum M, Augsburg, Germany;5. Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK Care), Davos, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | 
Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is a noxious plant that not only is a troublesome agronomic weed that causes economic damage to agricultural crops but also − and even more importantly − causes severe health problems due to its severe allergenicity. The pollen of invasive ragweed has become a major allergenic risk factor in urban areas in newly occupied regions. Many urban areas prohibit herbicide application; thus, mowing is the most widely used control measure. Counting pollen is labour intensive; therefore, pollen production data are mainly based on estimations. Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of different mowing scenarios, plant density and cutting height on the biomass, pollen production and seed production of common ragweed plants. Ragweed plants were mown twice: just before the flowering of terminal racemes (BBCH 59) and when the flowers of the re-sprouting lateral shoots reached BBCH 59. A 1- to 3-cm cutting height produced the greatest pollen reduction compared to that of intact control plants (94%) based on a season-long pollen collection. The number of female flowers also significantly decreased (97%). Compared to the control, the onset of pollen discharge was delayed by 5 weeks and the length of the pollen discharge period decreased from 9 to 4 weeks. The season-long unique and reproducible pollen production data can be integrated with airborne pollen modelling and population management strategies. |
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| Keywords: | Air pollution Pollen Seed production Mowing |
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