中南地区几种地带性土壤的胶体表面性质与14×10-10m矿物

本文研究了中南地区不同纬度带花岗岩母质发育的黄棕壤、红壤、砖红壤的胶体表面性质与粘土矿物组合、14×10^-10m矿物、氧化物的关系。结果表明:(1)黄棕壤、红壤、砖红壤粘粒的阳离子交换量、比表面和内表面占总表面的比例依次减小,这与其高岭石、粘粒氧化物含量依次增加,14×10^-10m矿物含量依次减少有关,且也与14×10^-10m矿物在黄棕壤中主要是蛭石,在红壤中主要是14×10^-10m过渡矿物,砖红壤不含14×10^-10m矿物的结论相符合。(2)在其他矿物类型和含量相近下,14×l0^-10m矿物是蛭石的土壤与14×10^-10m矿物是14×10^-10m过渡矿物的土壤相比,前者的阳离子交换量、比表面、内表面占总表面的比例比后者高些,但土壤的活性酸度弱些,交换性铝含量比后者低些。

THE COLLOIDAL SURFACE PROPERTIES AND 14×1O-10m MINERAL OF THE ZONAL SOILS IN THE CENTRE AND SOUTH CHINA

The relationship between the colloidal surface properties and association of clay mineral, especially 14×10^-10m mineral and clay oxides in 26 horizons of 9 profiles of the yellow brown, soil. red earth and latosol derived from granite type parent material was studied. Results indisated that: 1) The canon exchange capacity, rotal surface area and the proportion of internal surface area decline of 2:1 type clay minerals, 14×10^-10m mineral and the increase of 1:1 type clay minerals and clay oxides. This is also in correspondence with 14×10^-10m mineral being vermiculite in yellow brown soil and 14×10^-10m mineral being 14×10^-10m intergrade mineral in red soil. 2) For two soils with a similar conent and type to other clay minerals; as the 14×10^-10m mineral is vermiculite, the ration exchange capacity, total surface area and the proportion off internal surface area off soil clay is higher, but the active acidity of soil is weaker, the content of exchangeable A1 is lower, whereas the 14×10^-10m mineral is 14×10^-10m intergrade mineral, the situation of these properties is quite oppositive.