柬埔寨水稻生产概况与发展战略

文章介绍了柬埔寨农业生产及水稻种植制度、稻谷产量、主要品种及农艺性状等水稻生产概况,指出柬埔寨农业生产存在水稻品种单一、更新速度较慢,栽培技术简单、管理较为粗放,水利设施简单、稻田排灌困难以及加工体系落后等问题。提出从政策上向农业生产倾斜,提高耕地利用率;完善稻米销售、加工、出口等后续产业链,主推＂有机农业＂品牌;大力引进推广新型现代农业实用技术;建设农田基础设施,提高机械化种植水平;支持大型企业集团加入开发等发展战略。

Current status of rice production in Cambodia and its development strategies

The present paper is an attempt to discuss the current status of agriculture and cropping system,yield performances,main cultivated varieties and agronomic characteristics of rice in Cambodia.Some problems,viz.,shortage of rice varieties,slow replacement of existing varieties,simple cultivation technology,extensive management,non-scientific water conservation facilities resulting in problems in farmland irrigation and drainage,lagging rice process system,etc.,were found in the rice production in Cambodia.In order to solve these problems,some strategies have been proposed,which include formulating government supported land policies to increase the utilization of arable land,perfecting the rice industry chain of selling,processing and exporting,establishing the brand of organic agriculture,importing and extending new types of modern agricultural technologies,building water conservation facilities for farmland,improving the level of mechanized cropping,and encouraging large-scale enterprises to be involved in rice development in Cambodia,etc.