黑穗醋栗雌雄配子体的发育

在观察花芽分化的基础上,作者对黑穗醋栗(Ribes nigrum L.) 的大小孢子及雌雄配子体发育作了详细观察:1.小孢子发生属同时型,呈四面体形排列。花药开裂时,花粉为2—细胞型。光学显微镜观察,可见成熟花粉囊内存在着大量乌氏体颗粒;2.雌配子体发育属单孢子胚囊、蓼型。合点端具有“帽”状的承珠盘;3.雌雄配子体的发育进程有明显的差异:小孢子与雄配子体发生较早,持续时间较长;而大孢子和雌配子体发生较迟,但发育较快,二者在开花前均完成发育。

DEVELOPMENT OF MALE AND FEMALE GAMETOPHYTES IN RIBES NIGRUM

The observation of development of megaspore microspore, female gametophyte and male gametophyte of Ribes nigrum L. is based on observation of flower bud initiation: 1. The appearance of the microspores is of the simutaneous type, and they arranged as a tetrahedras when the anthers break, a dicell type pollen appears. A large number of particles of Ubisch body in the matured pollen sac can be seen under the optical microscope. 2. The development of the female gametophytes is of polygonum type and they are monosporic embryo sacs. On top of the chalaze, there are cap-shaped hypostases. 3. There is an obvious difference in the developing process of female and male gametophytes. Microspores and male gametophytes appear earlier and last longer, however, megaspores and female gamelophytes—later but faster. Both of them finish their development before blooming.