鲁西北地区不同作物和种植方式生态适应性的探讨

典型调查与统计分析表明,鲁西北地区主要作物种植方式适宜种植的生态区域顺序为高坡地>河滩高地>平、窪坡地>背河槽状窪地,在前者区域上种植作物,可比在后者区域上获得高而稳定的产量和较高的经济效益。各种作物中,小麦、棉花高产、稳产,对地形类型和土质适应性强,应扩大种植面积,突出其优势。小麦——玉米两熟方式产量高而不稳,但对土质的适应性较广.小麦——谷子产量虽略低,但稳定性较强,在土质较重的土壤上纯收入高于土质较轻的土壤。小麦——大豆在河滩高地的产量高,纯收入也高,对土质的适应性较广。

STUDIES ON ECOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF VARIOUS CROPS AND MULTIPLE CROPPING PATTERNS IN NORTHWEST REGION OF SHANDONG

The typical investigations and statistical analysis in the present study indicated that proper ecological areas of main crops and multiple cropping patterns in Northwest of the province were high sloping area>high flood land>flat and low-lying land>low-lying land of riversides. Both higher stable yield and comparatively higher economic benefit could be obtained from the crops planted in the former areas than in the latter ones. The results showed that wheat and cotton among various crops in this region not only had higher and stable yields but also were best adapted to different types of lands mentioned above, and soil texture. These two crops were strongly recommended in this region in terms of total cropping area. Among several cropping patterns in the region, double cropping of wheat-corn was a pattern with a higher and unstable yield but adapted to various soils. The yield from the wheat-millet pattern was fairly stable but lower than the first. Also, the experiment showed that the net income wa her in heavy soil than that in light soil from this pattern. The pattern of wheat-soybean could give high yields and net income on the high flood land. A rather broad adaptation to different soil textures was also found from this pattern.