优质高产常规籼型糯稻‘珍珠糯’产量性状分析

为了进一步挖掘优质高产籼糯品种‘珍珠糯’的高产潜力,提高种植效益,利用近年来信阳市农业科学院水稻品比试验结果数据,对‘珍珠糯’的全生育期(x₁)、株高(x₂)、有效穗(x₃)、穗长(x₄)、穗粒数(x₅)、结实率(x₆)、千粒重(x₇)和产量(y)进行相关、通径和回归分析。结果表明,‘珍珠糯’各农艺性状变异系数表现为穗粒数>有效穗>穗长>结实率>产量>千粒重>株高>全生育期,变化范围5.27%~19.74%;相关、通径和回归分析发现,有效穗、穗粒数和结实率对产量的作用最大,其与产量的相关系数、偏相关系数和直接通径系数达到极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)水平,综合决定效应穗粒数>结实率>有效穗;用逐步回归筛选出有效穗、穗粒数和结实率3个对‘珍珠糯’产量有显著效应的自变量建立了最优回归方程y=1729.381+8.859x₃+7.743x₅+37.755x₆。综上,有效穗、穗粒数和结实率是影响‘珍珠糯’产量的主要性状,在推广应用以及高产创建时要注意在一定有效穗的基础上,采取措施提高穗粒数和结实率。

Yield Traits of High-quality and High-yield Conventional Indica Glutinous Rice ‘Zhenzhunuo’

To further explore the yield potential of the high-quality and high-yield indica glutinous rice variety ‘Zhenzhunuo’ and improve planting efficiency, the rice comparison test data of Xinyang City Academy of Agricultural Sciences in recent years were used in this study. The correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis were carried out to analyze the whole growth period (x₁), plant height (x₂), effective panicle (x₃), ear length (x₄), grain number per ear (x₅), seed setting rate (x₆), thousand-grain weight (x₇) and yield (y). The results showed that the variation coefficient of agronomic traits of ‘Zhenzhunuo’ was expressed as follows: grain number per ear>effective panicle>ear length>seed setting rate>yield>thousand-grain weight>plant height>whole growth period, and the coefficient ranged from 5.27% to 19.74%. The correlation analysis, path analysis and regression analysis results showed that the agronomic traits of effective panicle, grain number per ear and seed setting rate had the greatest effect on the yield of ‘Zhenzhunuo’, and their correlation coefficient, partial correlation coefficient and direct path coefficient with yield reached extremely significant (P<0.01) or significant (P<0.05) level. The comprehensive decisive effect on yield was as follows: grain number per ear>seed setting rate>effective panicle. Through stepwise regression analysis, the agronomic traits of effective panicle, grain number per ear and seed setting rate significantly affecting the yield of ‘Zhenzhunuo’ were screened out to establish the optimal regression equation: y=1729.381+8.859x₃+7.743x₅+37.755x₆. Therefore we must take measures to increase the effective panicle, grain number per ear and seed setting rate, which are the main agronomic traits affecting the yield of ‘Zhenzhunuo’, to promote the variety’s application and achieve high yield.