空山黄牛体尺与体重最优回归模型建立

目的]为了分析空山黄牛体重与体尺指标的相关关系，明确体尺对体重的直接和间接影响，建立回归方程。方法]研究采集了舍饲条件下77头5～6岁空山黄牛空怀母牛的体重和体尺指标，运用SPSS 19.0软件进行相关性、通径以及逐步回归分析，并建立最优线性回归方程。结果]空山黄牛体重与胸围、髻甲高、体斜长、十字部高、管围、腰角宽和尻长指标均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);胸围对体重的直接作用最大(系数为0.857);最优回归方程为Y=-772.054+4.481×X₃+2.965×X₁(R²=0.779,P<0.01),其中，X₁为髻甲高，X₃为胸围。结论]该公式可用于舍饲条件下5～6岁空山黄牛空怀母牛体重估算。空山黄牛的选育在重视体重选择的同时，也要加强胸围、髻甲高、体斜长、管围和腰角宽的选择。

Establishment of Optimal Regression Model between Body Size and Body Weight of Kongshan Cattle

Abstract: Objective] To analyze the correlation between body weight and body size index of Kongshan cattle, clarify the direct and indirect effects of body size on body weight, and establish regression equation.Methods] The body weight and body size indexes of 77 5-6-year-old empty pregnant cows of Kongshan cattle were collected under the condition of house feeding, and SPSS 19 0 software for correlation, path and stepwise regression analysis, and establish the optimal linear regression equation. Results] The results showed that the body weight of Kongshan cattle was positively correlated with chest circumference, bun height, body oblique length, cross height, tube circumference, waist angle width and rump length (P < 0.01); The direct effect of chest circumference on body weight was the largest (coefficient 0.857); The optimal regression equation is Y = -772.054 + 4.481 × X3+2.965 × X1 (R2 = 0.779, P < 0.01). The equation is statistically significant after test. Conclusion] The formula can be used to estimate the weight of empty pregnant cows of 5-6-year-old Kongshan cattle under house feeding conditions. The breeding of Kongshan cattle should not only pay attention to the selection of weight, but also strengthen the selection of chest circumference, body oblique length, tube circumference and waist angle width.