外源激素对甘草愈伤组织诱导及染色体加倍的影响(简报)

采用不同浓度配比的外源激素NAA、2,4-D和BAP对甘草不同外植体(子叶、下胚轴和胚根)进行愈伤组织诱导、再生苗分化及细胞染色体加倍的研究。结果表明,不同外植体愈伤组织的诱导频率无差异,均以MS 1.0mg/L NAA 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D 1.0 mg/L BAP培养基的诱导频率最高,均达100%。而再生苗分化具有极显著的差异,以下胚轴最好,在MS 3.0 mg/L BAP 2.0 mg/L ZT 10.0 mg/L GA3培养基上获得的再生苗频率最高,为4.57%。另外,不同外植体类型、不同浓度的NAA、2,4-D对愈伤组织细胞倍性的影响不同,其中下胚轴诱导的四倍体频率明显高于子叶和胚根,平均为42.23%;而1.0 mg/L 2,4-D下的子叶、下胚轴和胚根外植体愈伤组织的四倍体加倍率也达到最高,分别为61.25%,60.00%和58.13%。除此之外,细胞染色体加倍频率随着愈伤组织培养时间的延长而增加。

Effect of exogenous hormone on callus induction and chromosome doubling of Glycyrrhiza uralensis

Various explants of Glycyrrhiza uralensis(cotyledons,hypocotyls,and radicles) were used to study the the concentration effects of the exogenous hormone NAA,of 2,4-D and BAP on callus induction,bud regeneration and chromosome doubling.There was no significant difference in frequency between the different types of explants for callus induction and the MS 1.0 mg/L NAA 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D 1.0 mg/L BAP medium induced the highest efficiency(up to 100%).Regeneration from hypocotyls was the best,and with MS 3.0 mg/L BAP 2.0 mg/L ZT 10.0 mg/L GA3 medium,the highest frequency of regeneration reached 4.57%.Chromosome ploidy was also affected by type of explants and by concentration of NAA and 2,4-D.The frequency of hypocotyl tetraploids was significantly higher than that of cotyledons and radicles,with an average of 42.23%.Using 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D,the frequency of tetraploids of cotyledons,hypocotyls and radicles reached levels of 61.25%,60.00% and 58.13% respectively.Furthermore,the frequency of chromosome doubling increased with prolonged callus culturing time.