普通小麦名特优稀种质创新筛选研究

为适应贵州生态条件对小麦特早熟与高产的需要,在遗传研究的基础上,同时育成了一些在贵阳为特早熟、特大粒、特大穗的小麦新种质,并育成几个有希望为生产直接利用的特早熟、特大粒丰产新品种。特早熟新种质比早熟对照种早15～20天,特大粒新种千粒重64克,特大穗新种质每穗有29～32个小穗。实践证明,为稀特种质选育提供理论指导的遗传研究,应特别重视对超亲极端型个体的研究分析。特早熟育种的亲本选配,要重视个体生育阶段的互辅性。选育半冬性特早熟,是解决高产与早熟矛盾的有效途径。

Studies on Distinguished, Characteristic, Excellent and Rare Germplasm of Wheat (Triticum aestium L.

To meet the needs of extremly-early-ripening and high-yield varieties in Guizhou ecological conditions, some extremly-early-ripening, extremly-great-kernel and extremly-big-spike germplasms have been selected out in Guiyang on the basis of study of wheat genetics, and two of them are expected to become new high-yield varieties and put into production directly.The extremly-early-ripening germplasms ripen 15-20 clays earlier than the early-ripening (check). The 1000-kernel-weight of the extremly-great-kernel germplasms is 64g. The extremly-big-spike germplasm per spike is 29-32 spikelets.It is showed that the research and analysis of extremly-superparent individual should be specially emphasized on gentic studies, which aim to bring forward theoretical guidance for selecting characteristic and rare germlasm.