小麦矮秆突变体的鉴定及其突变性状的关联分析

矮秆突变体是小麦育种和株高遗传研究的重要基因资源。通过‘云麦53’成熟种子的EMS (Ethyl methyl sulfonate)诱变及诱变植株连续自交,获得了33个M3代候选突变体。通过诱变亲本与M2和M3代候选植株的株高差异分析,筛选到26个矮秆突变体,其株高变幅为(13.61±0.11)~(44.08±1.73) cm。基于8个矮秆基因的12个特异性标记检测发现, 26个矮秆突变体至少携带2个矮秆基因标记位点。除株高外, 26个矮秆突变体还携带穗长、小穗密度、节间数和平均节间长4个不同突变性状。26个矮秆突变体可聚为5个亚类,第1亚类的小穗数和小花数最少;第2亚类的株高最矮,穗长和平均节间长最短,小穗密度最高;第3亚类突变体的节间数最少。株高与平均节间长和节间数呈极显著相关,偏相关系数分别为0.94、0.58,但与穗长、小穗数、小花数和小穗密度4个性状无相关性。26个矮秆突变体的株高与平均节间长和节间数关联遗传,携带不同的突变基因组合,可用于小麦矮化育种,以及株高、穗长和小穗密度等性状的遗传机制研究。

Identification of wheat dwarf mutants and analysis on association between the mutant traits of the dwarf plants

Dwarf mutant is an important gene resource in wheat breeding and plant height genetic research.In this paper,EMS(ethyl methyl sulfonate)was used to mutate the mature seeds of‘Yunmai 53’,and 33 candidate dwarf mutants of M3 generation were finally obtained by self-bred.Twenty-six dwarf mutants were selected by analyzing differences between the mutant parent in two years and that of M2 and M3 generation candidate plants,and the variation range of their plant height was from(13.61±0.11)cm to(44.08±1.73)cm.Twenty-six dwarf mutants with at least 2 mutant sites were verified based on 12 specific markers of 8 dwarf genes.In addition to plant height,26 dwarf mutants also carried four mutational traits,spike length,spikelet density,internode number,and average internode length.The 26 dwarf mutants could be clustered into 5 subgroups.Among them,the first subgroup was the least in spikelets and florets,the second subgroup was the shortest in plant height,spike length and average internode length,and the highest spikelet density,while the third subgroup was the least in internode number.Plant height was significantly correlated with average internode length and internode number with partial correlation coefficients of 0.94 and 0.58,respectively,but not correlated with spike length,spikelet number and spikelet density.The plant height was genetically associated with internode length and internode number in 26 dwarf mutants.The mutants carried different combinations of the mutant gene,and can be useful in wheat dwarf breeding and the studies on genetic mechanism of the traits,such as plant height,spike length and spikelet density.