不同真菌处理对玉米秸秆的二级分子结构和纤维组分的影响

研究旨在揭示不同真菌处理对玉米秸秆的二级分子结构和纤维组分的影响。试验以Lentinus edodes菌株的3个亚种和Pleurotus eryngii为试验菌株,分别与玉米秸秆共同培养,处理0、1、3、6、9、12周,分别使用ANKOM 2000全自动纤维分析仪分别测定4种菌株处理玉米秸秆后的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、木质素等纤维组分,使用傅里叶红外光谱仪测定样品的二级分子结构,并对二者相关性进行统计分析。结果表明:不同真菌处理对玉米秸秆中中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)含量与木质素吸收峰的峰高(LH)及峰面积(LA)、结构性碳水化合物吸收峰的峰高(STCHOH)、纤维素吸收峰的峰高(FH)及峰面积(FA)、总碳水化合物第一亚峰峰高(TCHO1H)及峰面积(TCHO1A)、总碳水化合物第二亚峰峰高(TCHO2H)及峰面积(TCHO2A)、总碳水化合物吸收峰的总峰高(TCHOH)均呈极显著影响(P<0.01),其中Lentinus edodes处理效果极显著优于Pleurotus eryngii,且Lentinus edodes处理中Lentinus edodes-513最优,不同处理时间对饲料NDF、ADF及ADL含量与FH、FA、TCHO1H、TCHO1A、TCHO2A、总碳水化合物第三亚峰峰高(TCHO3H)及峰面积(TCHO3A)、TCHOH和TCHOA影响均极显著(P<0.01)。ADL和NDF均与FA含呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),尤其ADL与FA相关系数最高,达0.806,说明真菌处理能通过改变FA的结构来影响秸秆纤维成分含量。研究表明,真菌处理会对玉米秸秆的二级分子结构产生影响,改变玉米秸秆的二级分子结构和纤维组分,降解玉米秸秆中的木质素,提高其营养价值,其中,Lentinus edodes的处理效果比Pleurotus eryngii更佳。

Effect of different fungal treatment on secondary molecular structure and fiber components of corn straw

The study was conducted to reveal the effect of different fungal treatments on the secondary molecular structure and fiber components of corn straw. Three subspecies of Lentinus edodes strain and a Pleurotus eryngii strain as the experimental strains, co-cultivated separately with corn straw for 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks. Neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF) and acid detergent lignin(ADL) content of corn straw treated with four strains were tested by using ANKOM 2000 automatic fiber analyzer, respectively. Secondary molecular structure of each sample was detected by the Fourier infrared spectrometer, then the correlation between fiber components and secondary molecular structure was analyzed. The results showed that the different fungal treatment had significant effect on the content of NDF,ADF, ADL and LH, LA, STCHOH, FH, FA, TCHO1 H, TCHO1 A, TCHO2 H, TCHO2 A, TCHOH in corn straw(P<0.01),in which Lentinus edodes were significantly better than Pleurotusng eryii. Lentinedus ededds-513 had the best treatment effect than the other fungal treatments of corn straw. There were significantly differences of different treatment time on NDF, ADF and ADL content of forage and FH, FA, TCHO1 H, TCHO1 A, TCHO2 A, TCHO3 H, TCHO3 A, TCHOH,TCHOA(P<0.01). Both ADL and NDF had a strongly positive correlation(P<0.01) relationship with FA,especially the correlation between ADL and FA is up to0.806. It is indicated that fungal treatment can affect the content of straw fiber composition by changing the structure of FA. Therefore, the study revealed that fungal treatment may change the secondary molecular structure and fiber content of corn straw, further degraded lignin of corn straw to improve its nutrition value. The effect of Lentinus edodes treatment was better than Pleurotus eryngii treatment.