胡瓜钝绥螨对香梨害螨控制作用的评价及其应用策略

 【目的】评价胡瓜钝绥螨在新疆库尔勒香梨园控制害螨的作用。【方法】从不同温度条件下胡瓜钝绥螨（Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans）和其猎物土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani (Ugarav et Nikolski)]的试验种群生命表参数结合在香梨园释放胡瓜钝绥螨控制害螨所取得防治效果。【结果】胡瓜钝绥螨能取食土耳其斯坦叶螨的各种螨态，世代存活率在19～31℃时为100%，33～34℃时仅为50%，总产卵量33～47粒/雌；19～34℃范围内土耳其斯坦叶螨产雌率为84.0～85.0%，胡瓜钝绥螨产雌率为56.1～58.3%，土耳其斯坦叶螨总卵量比胡瓜钝绥螨高出39.8～68.4%；在20、25和30℃的温度条件下，土耳其斯坦叶螨净增殖率（R0）分别比胡瓜钝绥螨高出103.1%、130.5%和120.3%；内禀增长率(rm)分别比胡瓜钝绥螨高出20.5%、33.7%和64.9%。【结论】因此根据香梨园中益害螨的生物学特性，同时结合果园环境，笔者提出了应用胡瓜钝绥螨控制害螨的策略。一般每年4月下旬～5月上旬，温度在15～30℃，每叶害螨少于2头（含卵）时，释放胡瓜钝绥螨才能达到预期的控制效果。生防园每年可减少农药使用次数6～7次，直至采果结束。

Evaluation of Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans for Control of Pest Mites of Koerle Pear and Strategy for Its Practical Application

【Objective】 The study was carried out to estimate the efficacy of Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans applied to control the pest mites in Koerle pear orchard in Xinjiang Autonomous Region.【Method】The life table parameters of A. cucumeris Oudemans and Tetranychus turkestani (Ugarav et Nikolski) under different temperatures and the efficacy of releasing A. cucumeris to control pest mites of Koerle pear were studied. 【Result】A. cucumeris could prey at all stages on T. turkestani. The generation survival rates of A.cucumeris was 100% within the temperature range from 19℃ to 31℃, but decreased by 50% at 33-34℃. The average fecundity of A. cucumeris was 33-47 eggs per female from 19℃ to 31℃. The rate of female of T. turkestani was 84.0%-85.0%, while the rate of female of A. cucumeris was 56.1%-58.2%. The net reproductive rates (R0) per generation of T. turkestani were 103.1%, 130.5% and 120.3% higher than those of A. cucumeris under 20℃, 25℃ and 30℃, respectively. The intrinsic rates of natural increase (rm) of T. turkestani were 20.5%, 33.7% and 64.9% higher than those of A. cucumeris, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Based on the biology of predatory and pest mites and environment conditions of orchard, It was suggested that it is the basic strategy for using A. cucumeris as a bio-control agent against pest mites. Field trial showed that if A. cucumeris is released in late April to early May when the temperature is 15-30℃ and there are not more than 2 pest mites per leaf, the pest mites could be controlled in the Koerle pear field effectively, and pesticide application could be reduced by 6-7 times in the whole season in the orchard with release of A. cucumeris.