热带山地雨林生态系统水文化学循环规律的研究

根据５ａ定位观测，对尖峰岭热带山地雨林更新林生态系统的水文化学循环规律的数据分析表明，年均降雨量为２６６８．３ｍｍ，其中总径流量占４６．７％，蒸散量５３．３％，冠层截留量１４．０％。Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ的年均降雨输入量为７８．４ｋｇ／（ｈｍ２·ａ），总径流输出５６．７ｋｇ／（ｈｍ２·ａ），净积累２１．６ｋｇ／（ｈｍ２·ａ）；Ｓｉ、有机Ｃ、Ａｌ、Ｍｎ的年均降雨输入量为２５．０ｋｇ／（ｈｍ２·ａ），总径流输出为１１２．３ｋｇ／（ｈｍ２·ａ），净损失８７．３ｋｇ／（ｈｍ２·ａ），更新林系统仅处于更新进展过程中，同时证实了冠层对降水化学的淋溶效应，净淋溶系数达４．１１；提出了降雨、林内净降雨、总径流的各水化学物含量与其相应水量的回归模式

Study on Hydrochemical Cycling in Tropical Mountain Rainforest Ecosystem

Based on stationary observation and chemical analysis in tropical mountain rainforest watershed at Jianfengling of China for five years,the hydrochemical cycling in the ecosystem was studied systematically combined with their hydrologic process. The distribution of mean rainfall with 2 668.3 mm per year was that 46.7% of rainfall was runoff,and 53.3% of rainfall was evaporated by the system, and 14.0% of rainfall was intercepted by forest canopy. The total amount of N,P,K,Ca and Mg in precipitation was 78.36 kg/(hm²·a)and that in runoff was 56.72 kg/(hm²·a),so the net accumulation of them in the system was 21.6 kg/(hm²·a). The total amount of Si Org-C, Al, Mn in rainfall was 24.99 kg/(hm²·a)and that in runoff was 112.28 kg/(hm²·a),so they were loss elements of water cycling in the system. The ecosystem was at its regenerating progress phase. The chemical leaching of the canopy layer combined with rainfall process was proved with the leaching efficiency of 4.11. The regression between chemical element and water of the hydrologic elements was put forward in the paper.