| 减量配施新型基质缓释肥对水稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨阳,刘灿华,葛树春,李广斌,董守兵,冯梦喜,钟雯瑾,倪晓宇,刘斌美,林先贵,吴跃进.减量配施新型基质缓释肥对水稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响[J].安徽农业大学学报,2020,47(3):442. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨阳 刘灿华 葛树春 李广斌 董守兵 冯梦喜 钟雯瑾 倪晓宇 刘斌美 林先贵 吴跃进 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院，合肥 230031;河南省土壤肥料站，郑州 450003;河南省信阳市平桥区农业技术推广站，信阳 464100;河南心连心化学工业集团股份有限公司，新乡 453731;中国科学院南京土壤研究所，南京 210008 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0301302), 国家自然科学基金项目(31601828), 中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS)项目(KFJ-STS-QYZD-008; KFJ-STS-ZDTP-054)和安徽省科技重大专项(18030701205)共同资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究减量配施新型基质缓释肥对水稻(OryzasativaL.)的影响,通过两年田间试验研究了水稻籽粒产量及氮肥利用率的响应。两年平均结果显示,与全量施用普通肥(180 kg·hm~(-2))相比:全量施用缓释肥水稻增产13.4%(P 0.05),植株氮吸收量提高9.1%(P 0.05),氮肥农学效率提高50.4%(P 0.05),氮肥表观利用率提高37.8%(P 0.05);减量10%施用缓释肥水稻增产9.6%(P 0.05),植株氮吸收量提高3.3%(P 0.05),氮肥农学效率提高51.1%(P 0.05),氮肥表观利用率提高26.6%(P 0.05);而在减量10%施用缓释肥的同时以有机肥代替部分化肥,水稻增产11.1%(P 0.05),植株氮吸收量提高7.3%(P 0.05),氮肥农学效率提高57.6%(P 0.05),氮肥表观利用率提高44.8%(P 0.05)。缓释肥处理促进水稻增产增效的原因是其叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性较高。综上,基质缓释肥减量10%施用(尤其在配施有机肥条件下)可维持较高的水稻产量和氮肥利用率,在水稻生产中具有应用前景。
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻 施肥量 光合 氮肥利用率 新型肥料 |
Effects of reduced application of novel matrix-based slow-release fertilizer on rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency |
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| YANG Yang,LIU Canhu,GE Shuchun,LI Guangbin,DONG Shoubing,FENG Mengxi,ZHONG Wenjin,NI Xiaoyu,LIU Binmei,LIN Xiangui,WU Yuejin.Effects of reduced application of novel matrix-based slow-release fertilizer on rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural University,2020,47(3):442. |
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| Authors: | YANG Yang LIU Canhu GE Shuchun LI Guangbin DONG Shoubing FENG Mengxi ZHONG Wenjin NI Xiaoyu LIU Binmei LIN Xiangui WU Yuejin |
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| Institution: | Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031;Henan Soil and Fertilizer Station, Zhengzhou 450003;Pingqiao Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Xinyang 464100;Henan Xinlianxin Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd., Xinxiang 453731;Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 |
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| Abstract: | In order to elucidate the effects of reduced application of novel matrix-based slow-release fertilizer on rice (Oryza sativa L.), a two-year field experiment was conducted to determine the responses of rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency. The means from the two-year experiment showed that compared with 100%RF treatment (full application of regular fertilizer, 180 kg N·hm-2), 100%SF treatment (full application of slow-release fertilizer) increased rice grain yield by 13.4% (P < 0.05), plant N uptake by 9.1% (P < 0.05), agronomical efficiency by 50.4% (P < 0.05), and recovery efficiency by 37.8% (P > 0.05); 90%SF treatment (reduced application of slow-release fertilizer) increased rice grain yield by 9.6% (P < 0.05), plant N uptake by 3.3% (P > 0.05), agronomical efficiency by 51.1% (P < 0.05), and recovery efficiency by 26.6% (P > 0.05); while 90%SF+OF treatment (added organic fertilizer) increased rice grain yield by 11.1% (P < 0.05), plant N uptake by 7.3% (P > 0.05), agronomical efficiency by 57.6% (P < 0.05), and recovery efficiency by 44.8% (P < 0.05). In all the slow-release fertilizer treatments, the greater rice grain yield was largely due to higher leaf area index, chlorophyll concentration, net photosynthetic rate, nitrate reductase, and glutamine synthetase activity. Overall, matrix-based slow-release fertilizer can increase rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency, even if its application rate was reduced to 90% of full application rate (especially added |
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| Keywords: | Oryza sativa fertilizer application rate photosynthesis nitrogen use efficiency novel fertilizer |
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