“十四五”土壤生物学分支学科发展战略

土壤生物是地球生物多样性的重要组成部分。土壤生物驱动着土壤中有机质降解、元素循环、污染物转化与降解以及温室气体的产生与消耗,在全球粮食安全、环境保护以及应对气候变化等方面发挥着重要作用。土壤生物学是研究土壤生物多样性与分布、土壤生物的过程与功能以及土壤生物的调控与应用的科学。21世纪以来,分子生物学技术的突破与生态学理论的广泛应用极大地推进了土壤生物学研究的发展。本文回顾了土壤生物学科的发展历程,详细介绍了土壤生物学科的发展现状,提出了土壤生物学科在理论与应用上的发展趋势,并对未来土壤生物学科的发展方向进行了展望。随着多学科交叉融合以及研究手段的进步,土壤生物学迎来了一个新的发展时期。土壤生物学研究在生物资源挖掘、时空分布格局、生态服务功能和生物调控等方面取得的重要成果,将更好地服务于土壤健康、植物健康、人类健康以及我们的星球健康。

The Strategies for Development of the Subdiscipline of Soil Biology for the 14th Five-Year Plan

Soil organisms are the essential part of biodiversity on the Earth. Soil organisms could drive soil organic matter decomposition, nutrients cycling, pollutants transformation and degradation, and the emission and consumption of greenhouse gases, which is important for global food security, environmental protection, and climate change response. The discipline of soil biology is to study soil biodiversity and distribution, soil biological processes and functions, and the regulation and application of soil organisms. In recent years, the breakthrough of molecular biological technologies and the widely application of ecology theories have greatly advanced the development of soil biological study. This article reviewed the development history of soil biology, introduced the recent progress of soil biology in details, proposed the development trend of soil biology in terms of theory and application, and further figured out the future development direction of soil biology. With the multidisciplinary integration and the advances in technology, soil biology enters a new period of development. Soil biological studies have obtained great achievements especially in soil biological resources digging, time-spatial distribution patterns, ecosystem services functions and the regulation of biology, which will be beneficial to the soil health, plant health, and the health of human being and our planet.