笼底材料、密度和性别组群对肉鸡胸囊肿发生及胸肌成分的影响

该研究采用了三因素三水平的正交试验设计，就笼底材料、饲养密度、性别组群等三因素对3～6周龄笼养AA肉仔鸡发生胸囊肿及对其胸肌成分的影响进行了研究。结果表明：铁丝笼底、高饲养密度(17.25只/m²)、公鸡组的发病率最高，平均达34.09%，并显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。铁丝笼底显著高于塑料和竹竿笼底(P<0.05)，高密度(17.25只/m²)显著高于低密度(10.98只/m²)(P<0.05)，笼底材料是导致胸囊肿发病的主要环境因素，而性别组群对其无显著影响(P>0.05)。不同笼底下胸肌水分和蛋白质含量以竹竿笼底的含量最高，铁丝笼底下的胸肌蛋白含量最低(P<0.05)。胸肌脂肪则不受笼底、密度和性别组群的影响。因此，该试验表明，竹竿笼底和塑料笼底材料可降低笼养肉仔鸡胸囊肿的发病率，有利于提高其胸肌品质。

Effects of floor material, stocking density and sex management on breast blister incidence and breast muscle composition of broilers

The orthogonal design with three factors and three levels was used in this experiment.Effects of floor material,density,and sex management group on the incidence of breast blisters and breast muscle composition were studied for 3~6 week-old AA broilers.The results showed that the incidence of breast blisters was the highest in the group of male broilers with wire netting floor,high stocking density(17.25 broilers/m~2) and single male management compared with other groups(P<0.05).The incidence of breast blister was significantly higher in wire netting floor than that in plastic and bamboo netting floor(P<0.05),and higher in higher density than that in lower density(P<0.05).The floor material was the main environmental factor that affected the incidence of breast blisters of broilers,and sex management group had no significant effects(P>0.05).Breast muscle moisture content and crude protein content were the highest for the broilers in bamboo netting floor(P<0.05),and crude protein content was the lowest for the broilers in wire netting floor(P<0.05).The fat content was not affected by floor material,density and sex management.Therefore the present study shows that the(incidence) of breast blisters of broilers could be decreased and the breast muscle quality could be enhanced in the bamboo netting floor and plastic netting floor.