神秘果种子和叶子中营养成分和挥发性物质分析

新鲜神秘果种子和叶子冷冻干燥后研磨成粉末，过40目筛网得到粉末样品，分别测定了神秘果种子和叶子粉末中的基本营养组成（水分、灰分、蛋白质、粗脂肪含量）、游离/总氨基酸、矿物元素、脂肪酸组成和挥发性物质。结果表明，神秘果种子和叶子都含有比较全面的氨基酸，其中谷氨酸、天冬氨酸和亮氨酸的含量最高；叶子中亚麻酸含量为29.4%，远高于种子中亚麻酸含量；种子和叶子的矿物元素都呈现高钾低钠的特点；种子中83.9%的挥发性物质是烷烃类，而叶子中主要含有的挥发性物质为醛类，含量为63.3%，其次为烷烃类化合物含量为29.1%。说明开发神秘果种子和叶子系列的功能食品具有广阔的潜力和市场价值。

Analysis of Nutritional and Volatile Components in Seeds and Leaves of Synsepalum dulcificum

In this paper, fresh seeds and leaves of miracle fruit(Synsepalum dulcificum) were freeze-dried, pulverized into powder and then passed through a 40-mesh sieve(0.43 mm). The basic nutritional components in the seeds and leaves of miracle fruit were studied, including water, ash, protein, crude fat, free/total amino acids, mineral elements, fatty acids and volatile compounds. Results showed that, the seeds and leaves contained almost all the amino acids, including high contents of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and leucine. The content of linolenic acid in leaves was 29.4%, much higher than in seeds. The mineral elements were found to be high potassium and low sodium in both seeds and leaves. The major volatile substances in seeds were alkanes(83.9%), while the major volatile compounds in leaves were aldehydes (63.3%), followed by alkanes (29.1%). Overall, the results indicated that, the development of seeds and leaves of miracle fruit as functional foods had broad potential and market value.