陕西省汉中市水土保持区划

目的]在1986年汉中地区原区划的基础上,完成省级区划与地级市区划的链接,更深入结合汉中市的水土流失特点,与时俱进地为汉中市水土保持工作提供方向。方法]采用叠图分析法,结合汉中市的自然条件、水土流失发生发展趋势等,将全市水土保持分区重新进行划分。结果]全市共划分为4个区域:北部水源涵养生态维护区、中部人居环境水质维护区、西部水源涵养水质维护区、南部土壤保持生态维护区。结论]北部水源涵养生态维护区应注重保护和合理开发天然林草资源,严禁乱砍滥伐毁林开荒,改陡坡轮垦为带状间作。中部人居环境水质维护区应注重护岸治滩,整治江河,继续搞好城镇绿化,建设高标准基本农田,优化生态农业环境,改善人居环境。西部水源涵养水质维护区应提高治理面源污染的能力,针对坡耕地、矿山开挖裸露面和草地等用地类型,做好治理及植被恢复工作,维护水源区水质。南部土壤保持生态维护区需在25°以上的坡耕地和部分缓坡地一定区域实行封山育林,退耕还林还草,使林草、土壤资源得到有效保护的同时,重点推广经济效益高,生态效益显著的经济林果。

Regionalization of Soil and Water Conversation in Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province

Objective] Based on the original regionalization of Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province in 1986, to complete the link between provincial and municipal divisions, and further integrate the characteristics of soil erosion in Hanzhong City in order to provide supports for the soil and water conservation work in this area.Methods] By overlapping map analysis, and combined with the natural conditions and the development trend of soil and water loss, soil and water conservation zone in Hanzhong City was re-divided.Results] The city was divided into four areas including the northern water source conservation ecological maintenance area, the central human settlement environmental water quality maintenance area, the western water source conservation water quality maintenance area, and the southern soil conservation ecological maintenance area.Conclusion] The northern water source conservation ecological maintenance area should be paid attention to the protection and rational development of natural forest and grass resources. Deforestation should be strictly prohibited, and the shifting cultivation in steep slopes rim should be changed into strip intercropping. The central human settlements water quality maintenance area should be paid attention to revetment of beaches, rectify rivers, continue to do a good job in urban greening, build high-standard basic farmland, optimize the ecological agriculture environment, and improve the living environment. The western water source conservation water quality maintenance area should improve the ability to control surface source pollution. For the types of land used for sloping farmland, excavation exposed surface and grassland, remediation and vegetation restoration should be carried out well to maintain the water quality of the water source area. In the southern soil conservation ecological maintenance area, it is necessary to carry out hill closure and afforestation in a certain area of sloping farmland and some gentle slopes above 25°, returning farmland to forests and grassland, so as to effectively protect forest grass and soil resources, at the same time, economic forest fruits with high economic benefits and remarkable ecological benefits should be promoted.