二棱大麦种质的综合评价

为筛选综合性状优异的二棱大麦种质，对来自国内外97份二棱大麦种质株高、穗下节间长、穗长、主穗粒数、单株穗数、千粒重、单株粒重、单株生物量等8个性状的多年多点表现进行了分析和综合评价。结果表明，二棱大麦种质的穗长、单株穗数、单株粒重及单株生物量的变异较丰富，株高、穗下节间长、主穗粒数及千粒重的变异相对较小，二棱大麦育种的增益效应主要体现在穗长和穗数适度增加。聚类分析将参试二棱大麦分为8类，分布较分散，不同类群各有特点，较大程度地反映了品种（系）的地理生态类型。结合主成分与二维排序分析，筛选到以大粒、高产为基础、穗数与穗粒数并重、穗长多粒、矮秆抗倒的3类种质。采用主成分分析和逐步回归分析法构建了二棱大麦种质多性状的综合评价方程，并筛选了评价指标。

Comprehensive Evaluation of Two-Rowed Barley Germplasm

In order to rapidly evaluate and select the two-rowed barley germplasm with comprehensive excellent traits,a total of 97 two-rowed barley varieties(domestic and foreign) were used in the present study.Eight major agronomic traits(plant height,internode length below spike,spike length,grain number per spike,spike number per plant,thousand-kernel weight,grain weight per plant and biomass per plant) were measured at multiple locations and years.The results showed that four traits(spike length,spike number per plant,grain weight per plant,and biomass per plant) displayed rich genetic variation,but the other 4 traits(plant height,internode length below spike,grain number per spike and thousand-kernel weight) displayed fewer genetic variation.Breeding progress in two-rowed barley was expressed in increased spike length,coupling with increased spike number per plant.A total of 97 two-rowed barley germplasm were divided into eight categories by cluster analysis,with dispersal distribution and its own characteristics.The cluster results reflected the geographical and ecological types of the varieties to a great extent.Based on the principal component analysis and scatter plot,three types of germplasm were screened out,with larger grain and higher production.Combining principal component analysis and stepwise regression analysis,the comprehensive evaluation indices were screened out and the comprehensive evaluation equation were constructed for two-rowed barley germplasm.