农村饮水安全定量评价方法研究综述

旨在明确农村饮水安全评价指标的具体含义，并对现有的定量评价方法进行论述。农村饮水安全问题具有模糊性、动态性及广泛性等特征。综合评价区域农村饮水安全现状需将水量、水质、方便程度及保证率4项指标进一步细化和规范化，从而建立一套完整的、符合地方实际的评价指标体系。指标权重值的确定是农村饮水安全定量评价的重难点。权重确定方法可划分为主观赋权法、客观赋权法及主客观组合赋权法。主观赋权法和客观赋权法均存在农村饮水安全多指标综合评价中，具有各自的优势及局限性，实现主客观赋权方法的优化组合，是确定农村饮水安全评价指标权重值的主要研究方向之一。

Rural Drinking Water Safety: Review on Quantitative Evaluation Methods

The paper aims to clarify the specific meaning of evaluation indicators for rural drinking water safety, and to discuss the existing quantitative evaluation methods. Rural drinking water safety problems are characterized by fuzziness, dynamics and extensiveness. In order to establish a complete evaluation index system which is consist with local reality, the four indicators such as water quantity, water quality, convenience and guarantee rate should be further elaborated and standardized, so to comprehensively evaluate the current situation of drinking water safety in rural areas. The determination of index weight is a key and difficult point in quantitative evaluation of rural drinking water safety. Weight determination methods can be divided into subjective weighting method, objective weighting method and subjective and objective combination weighting method. Both subjective and objective weighting methods have their own advantages and limitations in the multi-index comprehensive evaluation of rural drinking water safety. Optimizing the combination of subjective and objective weighting methods is one of the main research directions in determining the weights of evaluation indicators of rural drinking water safety.