栽培株种纤维不同部位的电镜观察

应用扫描电镜对四个栽培棉种纤维的基部、中部、顶部位进行了观察研究，不同株种成熟纤维的形态差别以中部最为明显，表现出种间的遗传特征。在纤维表面观察到有似梭脊和沟槽的皱纹，它的分布和数量在二倍体棉种（亚洲棉和草棉）与四倍体棉种（海岛棉和陆地棉）间存在明显差异。棉纤维表面的皱纹能增加单纤维间的接触面和摩擦

Electron Microscopic Observation on Different Parts of Fibres in Cotton Cultigens

The base,middle and apex parts of fibres in four cotton cultigens were observedand studied by electronic microscopic scanning (EMS).There were distinct morphologicaldifferences in the middle parts of mature fibres among different cotton cultigens,whichindicated their genetic characteristics.Many wrinkles (like shuttle-ridge and groove)were observed on the fibre surface,and there were distinct differences in their distribu-tions and numbers between the diploid cotton (G.arboreum and G.herbaceurn) andthe tetraploid cotton (G.barbadense and G.hirsutum).These wrinkles could increasethe contact areas and frictional forces between fibres,which were good to spinning.The fibres elongation were affected directly by their twist numbers,and there was apositive correlation between them.