根系分区交替灌溉对苹果根系活力、树干液流和果实的影响

为了实现节水增效并不断改进苹果灌溉方式，在太行山片麻岩山区山地果园，以长富2号苹果为试材，通过3/4、1/2、1/4根系体积交替灌溉、1/2根系体积固定灌溉、常规畦灌和全根系干旱6个处理，研究了不同灌溉方式对苹果根系活力、树干液流和果实产量、品质的影响。结果表明，根系分区交替灌溉的灌溉区根系活力在各时期均高于常规畦灌，3/4交替灌溉的平均根系活力最高，与1/2交替灌溉和常规畦灌无显著差异；树干液流通量随灌溉体积的减少逐渐降低，1/2根系体积为保证液流的最小灌溉体积；1/2交替灌溉的产量比常规畦灌降低了7.10%，与3/4交替灌溉无显著差异，但糖酸比却最高。综上表明1/2根系分区交替灌溉可以作为片麻岩山地果园的有效节水灌溉方式。

Effects of alternate partial rootzone irrigation on roots activity,stem sap flow and fruit of apple

In order to save irrigation water and improve irrigation patterns, field experiment was conducted in the Taihang Mountain gneiss orchards to evaluate the effects of different irrigation patterns, i.e, 3/4, 1/2, 1/4 alternate partial root-zone irrigation, 1/2 fixed partial root-zone irrigation, conventional border irrigation and non-irrigation on roots activity, stem sap flow, fruit yield and quality of Changfu-2 apple. The results showed that the root activities of which under irrigation area of alternate partial root zone irrigation were higher than that of conventional border irrigation in all period, the average root activity of which under 3/4 alternative irrigation was the highest, and had no significant difference with that of 1/2 alternating irrigation and conventional border irrigation; stem sap flow flux gradually decreased with the reduction of irrigation volume, the minimum irrigation volume to maintain stem sap flow was 1/2; Fruit yield per plant of 1/2 alternating irrigation had reduced by 7.10% as compared to conventional border irrigation, but had no significant difference compared with 3/4 alternative irrigation, and sugar-acid ratio of 1/2 alternating irrigation was the highest. This research suggests that 1/2 alternating irrigation has the potential for use as a high-quality efficient irrigation pattern in gneiss mountain orchards.