大豆抗食心虫主基因+多基因遗传效应分析

为了探讨大豆抗食心虫的遗传特点，以提高大豆抗食虫的育种效率，应用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型，以大豆杂交组合2002系选(P1)×EXP(P2)的P1、F1、P2、F2、F2:3 5个家系世代群体为材料，对大豆抗食心虫进行多世代联合分析。结果表明：大豆抗食心虫受1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制遗传。主基因存在加性效应，加性效应为负值(d=-0.1633)。该组合的抗食心虫存在负向杂种优势，多基因加性效应为正，多基因加性效应使F1代的虫食粒率增加。该杂交组合的F2、F2:3群体虫食粒率多基因遗传力为21.9556%和54.3490%，表现出较高的遗传力，可在晚期世代对虫食粒率进行选择。

Analysis of Major Gene Plus Polygene Inheritance Effects on Soybean Pod Borer Resistance

In order to investigate the genetic characteristics of soybean pod borer resistance and improve the breeding efficiency of soybean pod borer resistance, the major gene and minor gene mixed genetic model of crops quantitative traits was applied for multi generational joint analysis of soybean rate of insect food, with 5 pedigrees of the hybrid 2002 selected plant (P1) × EXP (P2), P1, F1, P2, F2, F2:3 as materials. The results showed that, the inheritance of soybean rate of insect food was controlled by a pair of additive major gene plus additive-dominant multiple gene. The major gene had additive effect, which was negative (d=-0.1633). Negative heterosis existed for soybean rate of insect food. The multi gene additive effect was positive, which could increase soybean rate of insect food of F1 generation. The groups of F2 and F2:3 pedigrees showed a relatively high multiple gene heritability of soybean rate of insect food, which was 21.9556%% and 54.3490%, respectively, so that a late selection on soybean rate of insect food could be made.