国内外苜蓿种质起始密码子遗传多样性分析

为了对新引进的苜蓿种质亲缘关系进行鉴定,采用起始密码子多态性(SCo T)标记对19份国内外苜蓿种质的分子遗传多样性进行分析。结果显示,14个SCo T引物在供试苜蓿材料中共获得有效扩增条带78个,其中多态性条带72个,多态性条带百分比为92.31%;SCo T引物的有效等位基因数、Nei’s基因多样性指数、Shannon’s信息指数和多态性信息含量平均分别为1.53、0.31、0.46和0.31;供试苜蓿材料间的遗传相似系数介于0.385~0.846,平均为0.657,表明供试苜蓿材料遗传多样性较丰富;聚类分析和主成分分析均表明,供试材料可被划分为2大类,第1类群包括的苜蓿种质数达到16个,占到所有供试苜蓿种质总数的84.21%,第2类群包含的苜蓿种质数只有3个。综合分析表明,新引进的19份苜蓿种质具有较丰富的遗传多样性,其在未来苜蓿育种中具有较好的应用前景。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Domestic and Foreign Alfalfa Germplasm with SCoT Molecular Markers

In order to identify the genetic relationship of the new introduced alfalfa germplasm and apply it to alfalfa breeding,the genetic diversity of 19 domestic and foreign alfalfa germplasm was analyzed using SCoT markers in this study. A total of 78 effective loci were obtained for all alfalfa germplasms using 14 SCoT primers,of which 72 loci were polymorphic,and the percentage of polymorphism loci was 92. 31%. The mean value of effective number of alleles( Ne) ,Nei' s gene diversity( H) ,Shannon' s information in-dex(I) and polymorphism information content(PIC) was 1. 53,0. 31,0. 46 and 0. 31,respectively. The genetic similarity coefficient of all alfalfa germplasm ranged from 0. 385 to 0. 846,and the mean of genetic similarity coefficient was 0. 657,which suggested that the studied alfalfa germplasms have the plenty ge-netic diversity. The results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed that all alfalfa germplasm could be divided into two groups. The first group was constituted by 16 alfalfa germplasms, which account for 84. 21% of the total alfalfa germplasms. The second group contained three alfalfa germ-plasms only. The comprehensive analysis showed that the new introduced 19 alfalfa germplasm have the plenty diversity and it have the better value in alfalfa breeding in the future.