配方施肥对拱棚辣椒生长发育及光合特性的研究

以新冠龙辣椒为供试材料，研究了不同施肥种类对拱棚辣椒生长发育、产量及光合特性的影响，结果表明：T4辣椒植株的株高、开展度最大，分别为104.3、90.6 cm，T1辣椒单果重、果长、果粗均最大，分别为101.6 g、25.49、4.86 cm。T1辣椒叶片总叶绿素含量最高为66.7 mg/g，根系活力最强为100.6μg/(g·FW·h)。 T5辣椒叶片净光合速率下降幅度最高为6.6μmol/(m2·s)，T1、T2辣椒叶片净光合速率下降幅度最低，波动于1.3～2.5μmol/(m2·s)。 T3辣椒叶片气孔导度下降幅度最高为2658.1 mol/(m2·s)， T2、T5辣椒叶片气孔导度下降幅度最低，波动于386.7～428.7 mol/(m2·s)。 T1辣椒叶片蒸腾速率下降幅度最高为4.7 mmol/(m2·s)，T5辣椒叶片蒸腾速率下降幅度最低为1.1 mmol/(m2·s)，辣椒叶片胞间 CO2浓度下降幅度最高为436.8μmol/mol。 T1辣椒的小区产量、产量、效益均最高，分别为340.1 kg、96448.5 kg/hm2、162865.6 Yuan/hm2，T3辣椒的小区产量、产量、效益最低，分别在260.8 kg、74338.5 kg/hm2、124888.5 Yuan/hm2。

Study on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pepper under Different Fertilization Modes

With the new pepper cultivar Guanlong as a test material, effects of differ-ent fertilizer application modes on growth and development, yield and photosynthetic characteristics of pepper were studied. The results showed that the plant height and plant expansion of pepper in T4 were the largest, of 104.3 and 90.6 cm, respec-tively. T1 showed the largest weight of single fruit, fruit length and fruit diameter, re-spectively of 101.6 g, 25.49 cm and 4.86 cm. The content of total chlorophyl in the leaves of T1 was the highest, of 66.7 mg/g, and the root activity of T1 was also the highest, of 100.6 g/(g·FW·h). The net photosynthetic rate of pepper leaves in T5 was the highest, of 6.6 μmol/(m2·s), while the net photosynthetic rates of T1 and T2 were the lowest, fluctuating in the range of 1.3-2.5 μmol/(m2·s). T3 showed the highest decrease amplitude of stomatal conductance in pepper leaves, of 2 658.1 mol/(m2·s), while the decrease amplitudes of stomatal conductance of pepper leaves in treatments T2 and T5 were the lowest, fluctuating in the range of 386.7-428.7 mol/(m2·s). T1 showed the highest decrease amplitude of transpiration rate of pepper leaves, of 4.7 mmol/(m2·s), while treatment T5 showed the lowest decrease ampli-tude of transpiration rate of pepper leaves, of 1.1 mmol/(m2·s). The intercel ular CO2 concentration was the highest in the leaves of T5, of 436.8 μmol/mol. T1 showed the highest plot output, yield per hectare and benefit, of 340.1 kg, 96 448.5 kg/hm2 and 162 865.6 Yuan/hm2, respectively, while T3 exhibited the lowest plot output, yield per hectare and benefit, of 260.8 kg, 74 338.5 kg/hm2 and 124 888.5 Yuan/hm2, respec-tively.