播期、密度与施肥水平对渝麦12号产量和品质的影响

为了探讨重庆小麦高产优质高效综合栽培管理措施,以渝麦12号为材料,研究了播期、密度及施肥水平对小麦产量和品质的影响。结果表明,播期和密度对产量有极显著的影响,施肥量效应表现显著差异,并且播期效应大于密度和施肥效应。4个播期中,早播(10月29日播种)产量显著高于其他播期;密度以180万.hm-2的产量最高;施肥量以基施40%复合肥450kg.hm-2+追施纯N 60kg.hm-2处理的产量最高。蛋白质含量与施肥水平呈二次曲线关系,适当追肥可提高蛋白质含量。渝麦12号在11月7日播种、播种密度135万.hm-2、基施40%复合肥(含N 20%、P2O512%、K2O 8%)450kg.hm-2+追施30kg.hm-2纯氮的处理条件下蛋白质含量最高。

Effect of Sowing Date, Density and Fertilizer Rate on Grain Yield and Quality of Wheat Cultivar Yumai 12

In order to establish the management strategies for high yield and superior quality cultivation of wheat in Chongqing, Yumai12 was used as material to study the effects of sowing date, planting density and fertilizer rate on the yield and quality of wheat grain. The results showed that sowing date and density affected grain yield very significantly, and the fertilizer rate significantly affected grain yield. The effects of sowing date on grain yield were greater than that of plant density and fertilizer rate. Among the 3 sowing dates, the grain yield of sowing date at October 29 was obviously higher than that of the other two sowing dates; Among the plant density treatments, treatment of 1.80 million plants·hm^-2 had the highest grain yield; and the fertilizer rate of C3 (Application of 450 kg·hm^-2 of 40% compound fertilizer and 60 kg·hm^-2 of N) obtained highest yield. Protein content was the highest content in the treatment A2B1C2 (sowing at November 7, plant density at 1.35 million plants·hm^-2, fertilizer at 450 kg·hm^-2 of 40% compound fertilizer + 60 kg·hm^-2 of N). Integrated analysis on grain yield and quality showed, the appropriate management combination for high yield and superior quality cultivation of Yumai12 was that sowing date of October 29 to November 7, planting density of 1.80 million plants·hm^-2, and fertilizer used as base and top dressing.