切纵流联合收获机小麦脱粒分离性能评价与试验

针对国产切纵流联合收获机在脱粒分离中存在籽粒损失较大和功耗需求较高等问题,将切纵流联合收获机上的切流滚筒、辅助喂入轮和纵轴流滚筒在室内建成切纵流脱粒分离装置试验台,进行喂入量为7.5kg/s的小麦脱粒分离性能试验,获取脱粒分离的籽粒损失和功耗性能指标,借助复数幅值对切纵流脱粒分离装置的脱粒分离性能进行分析,计算出脱粒分离性能指标并进行比较。试验结果表明切纵流联合收获机收获小麦的最佳组合方式为,切流滚筒采用刀形齿、线速度为21.66m/s、入口脱粒间隙为30、出口脱粒间隙为20mm,纵轴流滚筒采用钉齿、线速度为19.63m/s、脱粒间隙为20mm时,所需总功耗为66.64kW,籽粒总损失率为0.56%,最优脱粒分离性能指标为0.8935。

Experiment and evaluating indicators of wheat threshing and separating on test-bed of longitudinal axial-threshing unit

For the problems of the heavy grain losing and huge power consuming in crops threshing and separating by China-made tangential-axial combine harvester, the tangential-threshing drum, assisted-feeding drum and longitudinal- axial-threshing drum taking from the tangential-axial combine harvester were used to establish a tangential-longitudinal- axial threshing-separating test-bed in the laboratory. The evaluating indicators of threshing and separating power consuming, and entrainment losing rate and unthreshing losing rate were obtained by threshing and separating performance on the test-bed with the wheat feeding rate of 7.5 kg/s. The threshing and separating power consuming, and entrainment losing rate were converted into complex amplitude indexes to establish the feasible region of the best threshing and separating performance indexes. The experiments showed that the optimal results of wheat threshing and separating were as follows: the total grain losing was 0.56%, power consuming was 66.64 kW, the optimal threshing and separating performance indexes was 0.8935 with the conditions of that the wheat feeding rate of 7.5 kg/s, and the liner speed of the tangential-threshing drum was 21.66 m/s, the threshing components of the tangential-threshing drum was knife tooth, the clearance between the Inlet/Outlet was 30/20 mm, the liner speed of the longitudinal-axial-separating drum was 19.63 m/s, and the threshing components of longitudinal-axial-separating drum was spike tooth and the gap of the threshing was 20 mm.