畜禽基因组选择的研究进展

基因组选择（genomic selection，GS）是继标记辅助选择（marker-assisted selection，MAS）之后发展起来的新一代畜禽遗传评估的新方法。近年来，不少学者从各方面对GS在畜禽育种中的运用进行了研究，结果发现，与其他方法相比，GS优势明显，是当前畜禽遗传育种领域的研究热点。作者系统地阐述了GS估计染色体片段效应的方法及其准确性比较，详细介绍了影响GS准确性的因素、GS的经济效益，以及世界各国学者研究GS在实际育种中的应用情况，最后简述了中国畜禽育种开展GS策略所面临的挑战及其展望。

Progress on Genomic Selection in Animal Breeding

Genomic selection （GS） is a form of marker-assisted selection in which genetic markers covering the whole genome are used so that all quantitative trait loci (QTL) are in linkage disequilibrium with at least one marker. Most research found that genomic selection had the advantages of shortening the generation interval，improving the selection efficiency, and reducing the cost remarkably, so it has been the research hotpot in the animal breeding field. This review focuses on the approaches to estimate the effects of the chromosome segments and their difference, the factors to influence the accuracy of GS, the advantages of genomic selection in animal breeding, the researches on the GS in the world. At last it points out that the challenge and the prospect of application GS in the animal breeding in China.