乌兰察布市近40年气温降水时空分布特征分析

对乌兰察布地区1971—2010年的降水与气温进行了分析。趋势分析表明，近40年来乌兰察布地区年降水量呈减少趋势，其中春、秋季降水量为增加趋势，夏、冬季节降水为减少趋势；年平均气温表现出明显的增加趋势，并在1987年以及1997年发生了明显的跃变；小波分析发现年降水量存在着5年、10年、20年以及28年左右的周期，年平均气温存在着6年、15年、20年以及28年左右的周期；旋转主因子分析发现乌兰察布地区夏秋季降水、气温的区域划分具有一致性，南部地区降水多，气温高；北部地区降水少，气温低，但北部地区气温波动较大。

Temperature and Precipitation Features of Ulanqab in 40 Years

Based on the observational records covering the period from 1971 to 2010 , the characteristics of precipitation and temperature of Wulanchabu League was analyzed using tendency analysis and wavelet analysis. The results showed the annual precipitation in Wulanchabu League had a ？decreasing tendency ,a increasing trend in ？spring and autumn,a down tendency in summer and winter. The annual mean temperature was significantly increased and abrupt changed in 1987 and 1997. The time series showed periodicities at5,8,10,20,28 years for ？annual precipitation and at 6,15,20,28 years for annual mean temperature. Using REOF analysis,It showed region division consistency had a high coherence in precipitation and temperature.There were higher air temperature and more precipitation in southern area of Wulanchabu League, low air temperature and less precipitation in northern area,but temperature fluctuation was great in northern area.