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| 神府东胜煤田非硬化路面野外降雨试验 | |
| 引用本文： | 李宏伟,刘敏,詹松,王贞,王文龙. 神府东胜煤田非硬化路面野外降雨试验[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2012, 10(4): 66-72 |
| 作者姓名： | 李宏伟 刘敏 詹松 王贞 王文龙 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,712100,陕西杨凌 2. 陕西杨凌水务局水利水保站,712100,陕西杨凌 3. 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院,310014,杭州 4. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,712100,陕西杨凌;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,712100,陕西杨凌 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金“煤矿开发建设中人为侵蚀机理及新增水土流失预报模型——以神府东胜煤田为例”（40771127）; 水利部公益性行业专项“生产建设项目水土流失测算共性技术研究”（201001036）、“工程开挖面与堆积体水土流失测算技术研究”（201201048）; 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室专项经费（10502-T1） |
| 摘 要： | 神府东胜煤田是世界7大煤田之一,在开发建设过程中造成了严重的水土流失,其中非硬化路面水土流失是其重要的组成部分.采用野外模拟降雨试验,研究非硬化路面的侵蚀产流、产沙规律以及二者之间的关系.结果表明:非硬化路面的径流含沙量过程曲线包括平缓型、多峰型、单峰型3种类型,侵蚀速率随时间变化过程可分为快速增长阶段、波动起伏阶段以及稳定阶段；非硬化路面的产流时间随降雨强度的增大呈幂函数减小,随坡度的增大呈先增大后减小的抛物线趋势；径流率随降雨强度的增大而增大,拟合关系式为r=2.5961 -0.431；产沙量与径流量之间呈幂函数关系,其关系式为M,=0.223 9W1.9462.研究结果可为矿区水土流失预测和治理提供依据. |
| 关 键 词： | 非硬化路面 野外降雨试验 径流率 输沙率 神府东胜煤田 |
Field rainfall experiment on the unpaved roads during the Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield exploitation |
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| Li Hongwei , Liu Min , Zhan Song , Wang Zhen , Wang Wenlong. Field rainfall experiment on the unpaved roads during the Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield exploitation[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2012, 10(4): 66-72 | |
| Authors: | Li Hongwei Liu Min Zhan Song Wang Zhen Wang Wenlong |
| Affiliation: | 1. College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A＆F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi; 2. Yangling Water Authority and Water Conservation Station, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi; 3. Hydrochina Huadong Engineering Corporation, 310014, Hangzhou; 4. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi： China) |
| Abstract: | Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield is one of the seven largest deposites of coal had known in the world. However, severe soil and water erosion occurred on the mining wastes in the areas, especially on the unpaved roads. A field rainfall experiment on soil erosion and sediment yield on unpaved roads was conducted to provide scientific data for predicting and controlling soil and water loss on unpaved roads. Results indicated that the variation process of sediment yield appeared in three types, which were smooth, multimodal and unmoral distribution. The erosion sediment and transport rate were affected largely by rainfall intensity, and its process can be divided into rapid growth phase, fluctuating phase and stable phase. The runoff generation time on unpaved roads decreased with the power function with the increase of rainfall intensity, and occurred parabola shape of first increase then decrease with the increase of slope. Runoff rate increased with the increase of rainfall intensity, and the fitted formulas was r =2. 596I -0. 431. Sediment transport rate and runoff rate decreased with the exponential function, and the formulas was M = 0. 223 9W1.9462. The objective of this study was to provide theoretical foundation for research and predication in the soil and water loss of mining area. |
| Keywords: | unpaved roads field rainfall experiment runoff rate sediment yield rate Shenfu- Dongsheng coalfield |
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