苹果优质高产稳产栽培技术研究

<正> 1970年以来,山东果树产量逐年有较大增长,与此同时,质量不断下降,不少地区大小年幅度也有增无已,严重影响内销、外贸的声誉,日愈引起人们的关注。十多年来,山东省果树研究所与省内外不少兄弟单位曾就苹果质量构成因子、影响条件以及栽培技术等方面作过大量的调查研究

STUDY ON THE GROWING TECHNICS FOR TOP QUALITY AND STABLE CROPPING OF APPLE TREES

In last 4 years (1982～1985), one "Golden Delicious", two "Ralls" Orchards, the principal cultural practices were: 1. To compare with clean cultivation, mulch with straw as 20cm thickness, or with vinyl—film, was the available orchard soil managment in the Semidry area in Shandong Provence. Mulch would control weeds, conserve moisture, prevent erosion, add valuable organic matter and nutrients to the soil and to improve the soil physical structure, aeration and temperature condition.2. In order to overcome the alternate bearing and improve the crops quality,handpollination associated with thinning should be practiced actually.3. Pruning was the 3rd important factor in the product of quality fruit. Removing the branchs between the 3rd and 4th scafford brench and the excess growing to allow adequate light penetating into the inner parts of the trees, and to controled 1,500,000 growing points per hectare should be maintaind throughout the bearing period.According to the nowadays condition of managment of apple orchards, the yeild should be limited in 3500kg/mu(666.7m~2).