剑毛帕厉螨与黔下盾螨种间相残的研究

【目的】研究食用菌害虫2种天敌剑毛帕厉螨(Stratiolaelaps scimitus)和黔下盾螨(Hyposipis chianensis)的种间相残特性,为开展两者的协调应用提供理论依据。【方法】在有或无自然猎物(腐食酪螨Tyrophagus putrescentiae)条件下,观察2种捕食螨不同螨态间的相残程度及相残后若螨的发育和雌成螨的产卵量。【结果】有自然猎物腐食酪螨时,2种螨较少发生相残。无自然猎物时,2种螨发生相残,相残程度与捕食者螨态和猎物螨态密切相关,但黔下盾螨若螨不捕食剑毛帕厉螨幼螨。捕食黔下盾螨卵或幼螨的剑毛帕厉螨若螨80%和100%发育到成螨,若螨期分别为7.88d和7.30d;捕食剑毛帕厉螨卵的黔下盾螨若螨仅有30%发育至成螨;缺乏自然猎物时,2种捕食螨相残后雌成螨的产卵量均显著低于存在腐食酪螨时的产卵量,一种捕食螨仅通过捕食另一种捕食螨,无法维持种群正常增长速度。【结论】剑毛帕厉螨与黔下盾螨不适合作为相互的猎物,存在其它更为适合的猎物时,不优先选择相残,在害虫密度较大的条件下可以同时应用。

Intraspecific Predation Between Stratiolaelaps scimitus and Hyposipis chianensis

Objective]The characteristics of intraspecific predation between Stratiolaelaps scimitus and Hyposipis chianensis were investigated to provide knowledge of combined release of the two predatory mites.Method]The intraspecific predation of S.scimitus and H.chianensis at different stages was tested with or without natural prey, Tyrophagus putrescentiae.The development of nymphs and fecundity of adult females of both predators was also studied.Result]In the presence of natural prey,the intraspecific predation was rare at all stages of both predators.While in the absence of natural prey, the intraspecific predation occurred frequently.The predation level was correlated with the stages of both predators and prey.Nymphs of H.chianensis never preyed on larvae of S.scimitus.Preying on eggs and larvae of H.chianensis, 80% and 100% nymphs of S.scimitus could develop into adults and the developmental periods of nymphal mites were 7.88 d and 7.30 d, respectively.Fed on eggs of S.scimitus, only 30% of nymphs of H.chianensis could develop into adults.Adult females of both predators preying on each other laid significantly fewer eggs than those preying on T.putrescentiae, which showed the population of both predators couldn't increase normally.Conclusion]S.scimitus and H.chianensis were not suitable for each other as a prey, and they would avoid to prey on each other when suitable preys were available.Therefore, the two predator mites could be combinable released at the high population density of pests.