小麦品种宁7840突变体农艺性状和赤霉病抗性解析

为了解突变体与野生型小麦的农艺性状、产量和抗性差异,以高抗赤霉病小麦品种宁7840及其23个甲磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱导的纯合突变体(Mu4)作为材料,研究其分蘖数、株高、叶绿素含量、千粒重、小穗数、穗粒数及赤霉病抗性等12个指标的差异。结果表明,除叶长、分蘖数和小穗数在突变体与野生型之间无显著差异外,其余9个性状在野生型与部分突变体之间有显著差异。N8和N16两个突变体表现高感赤霉病;N16突变体的叶宽、SPAD值、千粒重和粒宽显著优于野生型,其株高显著低于野生型。赤霉病病小穗率与叶长显著负相关,叶长可作为筛选小麦赤霉病抗性品系的间接指标;叶宽和粒宽可作为筛选小麦产量性状的重要指标。基于12个性状的聚类分析,将24个小麦材料聚为3类,其中第I类在产量性状方面优于其他两类。

Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight of Ning 7840 and Its Mutants

To understand the alterations in agronomic traits,yield traits and Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance between the wild type Ning 7840 and its 23 ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutants (Mu4),twelve traits,such as number of tillers per plant,plant height,chlorophyll content (SPAD value),1 000-grain weight,number of spikelet,number of grain per spike,and FHB resistance,etc. were investigated. Significant differences between the wild type and the mutants were found in nine out of twelve traits except for flag leaf length,number of spikelet,and number of tiller per plant. Two mutants,N8 and N16,became susceptible to FHB. However,the mutant N16 was significantly different from and superior to the wild type in flag leaf width,SPAD value,1 000-grain weight,and grain width. The plant height of N16 was significantly shorter than that of the wild type. The significant negative correlation between FHB severity and flag leaf length suggested that the latter can be an indicator trait for prediction of FHB severity of a wheat variety.Increase of flag leaf width and grain width could be essential for achieving high yield in wheat breeding. These 24 accessions were classified into three distinct groups based on all the twelve traits,and in general the group I was superior to the other two groups in yield-related traits.