四川牡丹部分野生居群种子脂肪酸组分比较

四川牡丹(Paeonia decomposita Hand.-Mazz.)结实量大,专性种子繁殖,具油用开发潜力。对7个不同野生居群的四川牡丹种子千粒质量、种仁出油率、籽油中脂肪酸组成及相对含量进行了测定,并探讨其与土壤因子的相关性。结果表明:四川牡丹不同居群种子千粒质量平均为(311.65±46.45)g,平均种仁出油率32.23%±1.96%,居群间差异显著(P0.05);籽油中共检测到7种主要脂肪酸:棕榈酸、十七烷酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和花生一烯酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸相对含量高达91.94%~93.70%,亚麻酸相对含量高达40.45%~47.68%,不同居群籽油脂肪酸组分相对含量存在差异;土壤有效钾含量与种子出油率呈显著负相关(P0.05),土壤有机质、全氮含量与亚油酸含量呈显著负相关(P0.05),其他脂肪酸组分与土壤因子相关性不显著。

A Comparative Study on Composition of Seed Oil Fatty Acids of Some Wild Populations of Paeonia decomposita

Paeonia decomposita is potentially usable for developing oilseed peony，because of its large seed yield and obligate seed reproduction. We studied the 1 000-seed weight，kernel oil yield，composition and relative content of fatty acids in 7 wild populations，and measured their correlations with soil factors. The results showed that：Mean 1 000-seed weight was（311.65 ± 46.45）g；Mean kernel oil yield was 32.23% ± 1.96%，differences were significant among populations. Seven fatty acids were detected，including i.e. palmitic acid，heptadecanoic acid，stearic acid，oleic acid，linloeic acid，linolenic acid and cis-8-eicosenoic acid；Unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 91.94%–93.70%，the relative were different among populations. Soil available potassium content had significant negative correlation with oil yield；Both soil organic matter and total nitrogen content had negative correlation with linloeicacid content. There was no significant correlation between soil factors and other oil constituents.