小麦优质亚基和抗白粉病Pm4a基因聚合体的PCR鉴定

为选育优质、高产、抗病的小麦品系（种），以含1Dx5+1Dy10亚基的宁春4号和含Pm4a抗白粉病基因的扬麦19为亲本，从其杂交F2后代 1/3～1/2粒种子提取DNA，并利用1Dx5亚基和Pm4a基因的特异标记对其进行PCR鉴定。结果表明：在100粒F2代种子中，有51粒种子被鉴定为1Dx5亚基和Pm4a基因聚合体。该试验采用的PCR鉴定，克服了SDS PAGE电泳耗时多、容易对迁移率相近亚基做出误判的缺点，同时也摆脱了白粉病大田和温室鉴定时受气候条件和农时的限制，大大提高了鉴定的效率和准确性。对中选的聚合体做进一步鉴定，有望选出农艺性状好、产量高、品质优、抗白粉病的小麦品系。

PCR identification of the wheat polymers with high quality subunit and powdery mildew resistance Pm4a gene

 In order to improve the quality， yield and disease resistance of wheat lines （varieties）， Ningchun 4， and Yangmai 19 which have 1Dx5+1Dy10 subunit and Pm4a powdery mildew resistance gene were used as parents in present study， respectively. Genomic DNA was extracted from the 1/3 1/2 grain endosperm of their F2 individuals. PCR identification was conducted with the specific markers of 1Dx5 subunit and Pm4a genes. The results showed that 51 seeds were identified as 1Dx5 subunit and Pm4a gene polymers among 100 F2 individuals. PCR identification used in present study could overcome the time consuming and being easy to confuse the subunits with similar migration rate of SDS PAGE electrophoresis， get rid of the restrictions of climate and farming season of field and greenhouse identification， and improve the efficiency and accuracy of identification greatly. With further evaluation of the selected polymers， the lines with good agronomic traits， high yield and quality， resistance to powdery mildew would be hopefully developed.