杂种小麦品质性状的性状相关和主成分分析

为了探究化杀杂交小麦品质性状在不同世代的表现,以4个品质不同小麦品种组配的4个杂交组合为材料,对杂种F₁代(杂交当代种子)和F₂代(F₁代植株上的自交种子)及其亲本的籽粒品质性状和面团品质性状进行了杂种优势、亲子相关、性状相关和主成分分析。结果表明:(1)杂种小麦 F₁代品质性状的杂种优势远远大于F₂代杂种优势,杂种小麦F₂代存在较强的面团品质杂种优势;(2)在小麦品质改良过程中,以籽粒硬度和蛋白质含量作为选择指标,有利于筛选出高面筋含量、高沉淀值以及蛋白质品质和磨粉品质优良的基因型;(3)在杂种早代选择籽粒蛋白质含量时不能忽视低亲的影响,要提高杂种F₂代的沉淀值,关键是提高高亲和中亲的水平;(4)通过主成分分析可以将F₂代8个品质性状综合成2个主成分因子。

Correlation analysis and principal component analysis on quality traits in hybrid wheat

In order to explore the performance of quality traits of wheat hybrid in different generations, the heterosis, the characteristics correlation, parent-offspring correlation and principal component analysis of seed quality and dough rheological characteristics of four wheat cultivars and their four hybrids F₁, F₂ were analyzed. The results showed that (1) Heterosis of seed quality characters in F₁ generation hybrid was far greater than that of F₂ generation. There was higher heterosis of dough quality in F₂ generation hybrid seeds. (2) In the process of wheat quality improvement, grain hardness and protein content as an index for selection, is helpful to select superior genotypes of high gluten content, sedimentation value, protein quality and milling quality. (3) When the hybrid grain protein content was selected in the early-generation, low-parent value shouldn??t be neglected. And the key to improving Zeleny sedimentation value of hybrid F₂ was to improve the value of high parent and mid-parent. (4) Through principal component analysis, eight traits of F₂ generation were consolidated into two principal components.