蚯蚓粪与椰糠配施对盐渍土的改良效应

选用蚯蚓粪和椰糠为改良剂,不同浓度人工海水淹泡的土壤为改良对象,通过盆栽试验种植空心菜研究未施肥、单施蚯蚓粪、单施椰糠、蚯蚓粪+椰糠不同比例组合配施对盐渍土的改良效应。结果表明:(1)对于20%、60%和100%人工海水淹泡的盐渍土,蚯蚓粪与椰糠分别按1∶2.5、3∶2.5和3∶3.5配施种植空心菜效果最好,空心菜平均株高比未施肥处理、单施蚯蚓粪处理和单施椰糠处理分别提高56.1%、49.7%~50.6%、48.6%~51.8%;单株空心菜平均产量分别是未施肥处理、单施蚯蚓粪处理和单施椰糠处理的2.6~2.8、2.1和1.8~2.6倍。(2)与未施肥、单施蚯蚓粪和单施椰糠3种处理相比,3种不同等级的盐渍土通过配施不同比例的蚯蚓粪和椰糠处理后土壤pH值均得到明显改善,由酸性变为中性或接近中性;不同等级盐渍土的有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量均得到极显著提高(P<0.01),而土壤Cl-含量却极显著降低(P<0.01)。综上,蚯蚓粪与椰糠配施可显著改善盐渍土的pH值,并能显著增加盐渍土的养分含量和降低盐渍土的Cl-含量,更有利于作物的生长发育。几种不同处理对盐渍土的改良效果表现为蚯蚓粪+椰糠>单施蚯蚓粪>单施椰糠>未施肥。

Improvement effect of vermicompost co-applied with coconut chaff on saline soil

The vermicompost and coconut chaff were used as soil conditioner,saline soils flooded by different concentrations of artificial seawater were used as improved objects to study the improvement effect of vermicompost co-applied with coconut chaff on saline soil.Each concentration of saline soil was conducted with no fertilizer,single application of vermicompost,single application of coconut chaff and vermicompost co-applied with coconut chaff through pot experiments to plant water spinach.The results were as follows:(1)The improvement effect was respectively the best with the ratio of 1∶2.5,3∶2.5 and 3∶3.5 of vermicompost and coconut chaff for the saline soils flooded by 20%,60%and 100%artificial seawater.The average plant height of water spinach was respectively increased by 56.1%,49.7%~50.6%and 48.6%~51.8%than the treatments of no fertilizer,single application of vermicompost and single application of coconut chaff.The average yield of single plant was 2.6~2.8,2.1 and 1.8~2.6 times that of the treatment of no fertilizer,single application of vermicompost and single application of coconut chaff.(2)The pH value of three salinity soils were changed from acidity to neutral or near neutrality by applying different proportions of vermicompost coapplied with coconut chaff.And the concentrations of soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium of saline soils with different grades were significantly improved(P<0.01),while the chloride ion concentration was significantly reduced(P<0.01).In conclusion,the vermicompost co-applied with coconut chaff could improve the pH value of saline soil and significantly increase the nutrient contents and reduce the chloride ion concentration of saline soil,which is more conducive to the growth and development of crops.The improvement effects of several different treatments on saline soil were vermicompost co-applied with coconut chaff>single application of vermicompost>single application of coconut chaff>no fertilizer.