玉米自交系花丝生理活力研究

以不同类型的 6个玉米自交系昌 7-2、 S122、 PH4CV、 M54、 12H21、 CL85为材料，测定其花丝伸长速率、花丝逐日吐出数目、不同日龄花丝授粉后的结实率及穗粒数和百粒重、完全吐丝授粉后花粉管通道的形成时间。结果表明，昌 7-2、 S122、 PH4CV、 M54、 CL85花丝伸长速率峰值出现在吐丝后第 2天， 12H21出现在第 3天，昌 7-2、 M54花丝伸长速率较快，S122花丝持续伸长过程最短。不同自交系吐丝数量呈先升高后降低趋势，日吐丝数量最大值出现在吐丝后第 2～3天。昌 7-2、 PH4CV、 M54、 12H21、 CL85花丝授粉结实持续日数最长， S122结实持续日数最短，PH4CV第 2天结实率达到峰值。吐丝后第 1～2天授粉百粒重较高但差异不明显。昌 7-2、 S122、 PH4CV、 M54、12H21、 CL85花丝授粉后 2 h剪去其花粉管通道均未打通，结实子粒数均为 0，花丝授粉后从 4 h剪去开始结实，直至8 h剪去花丝其结实子粒数处于升高阶段， 10 h之后结实子粒数趋于平缓。

Study on the Physiological Vigor of Maize Inbred Line Silks

Silk physiological vigor is an important trait that effects reproduction and seed production of maize inbred lines, six different types of maize inbred lines Chang7-2, S122, PH4CV, M54, 12H21 and CL85 were used as the materials, and their silk elongation rate, number of daily spitting out silk from bracts, seed setting rate, spike grain number, 100-grain weight after pollination at different age, and formation time of pollen tube channel after complete silking and pollination were determined. The results showed that the peak elongation rate of Chang7-2, S122, PH4CV, M54 and CL85 silks appeared on the 2nd day after silking, and 12H21 appeared on the 3rd day, the elongation rate of Chang7-2 and M54 silks was faster, and the continuous elongation process of S122 silks was the shortest. The silking quantity of different inbred lines increased first and then decreased, maximum value of daily silking quantity appeared on the 2nd-3rd day after silking. Chang7-2, PH4CV, M54, 12H21 and CL85 silk after pollination had the longest seed setting days, and S122 seed setting days was the shortest, the seed setting rate of PH4CV reached the peak on the 2nd day. The 100 seed-weight was higher on the 1st-2nd day after silking, but the difference was not obvious. Cut off the silks of Chang7-2, S122, PH4CV, M54, 12H21 and CL85 2 h after pollination, but the pollen tubes were not opened, and the number of seed setting grains was 0, cut off the silks from 4h after pollination, and the number of seed setting grains was at an increasing stage until the filaments were cut off at 8 h, the number of seed setting grains tended to be flat after 10 h.