四种鸢尾属植物种子休眠和萌发研究

燕子花(Iris laeviga ta)、玉蝉花(Iris ensa ta)、溪荪(Iris sanguinea)、黄菖蒲(Iris pseudacorus)是鸢尾科4种喜水湿植物。经萌发实验证明,除溪荪种子没有休眠外,其它3种种子都有休眠。经去除种皮、低温沙藏、赤霉素处理和胚培养4种处理,证明燕子花、玉蝉花、黄菖蒲中抑制种子萌发的主要因素是胚乳。不同种打破休眠的有效方法不同,其中50 mg/L GA3处理可提高黄菖蒲种子的发芽率,达到84.4%,而低温沙藏30 d可使玉蝉花种子的发芽率达到94.4%,低温沙藏90 d则可提高燕子花的发芽率达到87.8%。

Study on Dormancy and Germination of four Iris Species Seeds

Iris laevigata,Iris ensata,Iris sanguinea and Iris pseudacorus are four species of genus Iris which are suitable for growing in water or marsh.It is proved by germination test that there is dormancy within all the other three species but Iris sanguinea.The seed coat of the four species is permeable by water.Germination is inhibited mainly by endosperm.The effective method of breaking dormancy is different among the species.The seed dormancy of Iris pseudacorus can be removed by GA_3,the pretreated seeds with 50 mg/L GA_3 had 84.4% germination.Cold stratification for 30 and 90 days can raise the germination rate of Iris ensata and Iris laevigata to 94.4% and 87.8% respectly.